Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of predictors for overall survival.
| Variables | Univariate HR (95% CI) |
p Value | Multivariate HR (95% CI) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.10 (1.05–1.16) | <0.001 | ||
| Male gender | 3.16 (1.24–8.06) | 0.016 | ||
| Current/former smoking | 2.43 (0.99–6.00) | 0.054 | ||
| Upper/middle lobe | 0.09 (0.02–0.38) | 0.001 | 0.03 (0.00–0.33) | 0.005 |
| Surgical extent 1 | ||||
| Wedge resection | 1.51 (0.46–5.02) | 0.499 | ||
| Segmentectomy | 1.13 (0.35–3.66) | 0.841 | ||
| Adjuvant treatment | 2.30 (0.72–7.32) | 0.160 | ||
| Stage IB | 4.45 (1.80–10.97) | 0.001 | 54.23 (5.24–561.15) | 0.001 |
| Neutrophil percentage | 1.08 (1.02–1.14) | 0.006 | ||
| Lymphocyte percentage | 0.94 (0.89–0.99) | 0.013 | ||
| NLR | 1.02 (0.96–1.09) | 0.483 | ||
| Histology 2 | ||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 4.06 (0.89–18.6) | 0.071 | ||
| Histological grade 3 | ||||
| Well-differentiated | 0.11 (0.02–0.47) | 0.003 | ||
| Moderately differentiated | 0.04 (0.01–0.42) | 0.007 | ||
| IASLC grading 4 | ||||
| Grade 1 | 0.11 (0.02–0.48) | 0.004 | 0.01 (0.00–0.13) | 0.001 |
| Grade 2 | 0.09 (0.01–0.83) | 0.033 | 0.06 (0.00–0.77) | 0.031 |
1 lobectomy used as the reference; 2 squamous cell carcinoma used as the reference; 3 poorly differentiated used as the reference; 4 Grade 3 used as the reference; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IASLC, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.