Table 1.
Main characteristics of patients.
| P1 | P2 | P3 | P3’ | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disease stage | D SMM | D SMM | D Plasmac | D MM | D MM | D MM | D MM | D MM | R MM | R MM | R MM |
| Age (years) | 82 | 63 | 55 | 55 | 47 | 69 | 87 | 79 | 77 | 72 | 81 |
| Sex | M | F | M | M | F | F | M | M | F | F | F |
| S M-spike (g/dL) | 1.49 | 1.62 | 0.83 | 2.10 | 0.13 | 2.38 | 2.36 | 3.97 | 1.65 | UD | 0.56 |
| Type of Ig (serum) | IGG L | IGG K | IGA K | IGA K | IGG L | IGA L | IGA K | IGG K | IGG K | K | IGA L |
| FLC K/L ratio | 0.03 | 26.2 | 40.04 | 1240.74 | 0.00237 | 0.03 | 1.99 | 41.36 | 57.88 | 12.33 | 0.02 |
| Urine M-spike (mg/24 h) | 322.6 | IFix+ | IFix+ | 1101.1 | 4910.4 | 251.7 | 90.4 | 3.7 | UD | UD | 434.7 |
| % PC (cytology) | 10–15 | 5–30 | 5–7 | 5–100 | 60–70 | 70–90 | 50–70 | 60–70 | 20–60 | 40–75 | 5–10 |
| IF. CPC % | 98.15 | 99.5 | 96.3 | 99.4 | 99.03 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 98.84 | 96.45 | 99.66 | 96.2 |
| FISH | NA | NA | NA | FISH- | NA | NA | FISH- | FISH- | FISH- | NA | +1q21 [70/100] * |
| S creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.39 | 0.69 | 0.45 | 2.19 | 0.98 | 1.02 | 1.82 | 0.87 | 0.62 | 1.41 | 1.49 |
| S. calcium (mg/dL) | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 13.9 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 11.7 | 9.8 |
| Hb (g/L) | 128 | 118 | 152 | 80 | 80 | 91 | 123 | 120 | 110 | 105 | 122 |
| S. albumin (g/dL) | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 3.6 |
| LDH (U/L) | 267 | 421 | 181 | 292 | 575 | 452 | 313 | 264 | 193 | 236 | 491 |
| S. B2m (mg/L) | 5.1 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 10.1 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5 | 2.9 | 3 | NA | 7.5 |
| Bone lytic lesions | No | Yes | Yes, single | Yes, multiple | Yes | Yes | NA | No | Yes (old) | Yes | Yes |
| Treatment | No | No | No | RT | No | No | No | No | 8xVMP 22xRd |
6xRVd Plus ASCT |
9xVMP 6xVMP |
Ten patients were included in the study, 3 and 3′ correspond to the same patient analyzed with solitary plasmacytoma and MM, respectively. * Number of CD138 positive cells with 1q21 extra copy over total CD138 positive cells. p: patient, D: newly diagnosed; SMM: smoldering multiple myeloma; Plasmac: solitary plasmacytoma; MM: multiple myeloma; R: relapsed; FLC: free light chain; K: kappa; L: lambda; Type of Ig: type of clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain; PC: plasma cells; IF: immunophenotype; CPC: clonal plasma cells; S: serum, Hb: hemoglobin; B2m: beta-2 microglobulin; M: male; F: female; IFix+: detectable by immunofixation; UD: undetectable; FISH-: fluorescence in situ hybridization negative for t(11;14), t(4;14), del(17p13.1), 1p32/1q21. NA: non-analyzed; RT: radiotherapy; D-RVd: daratumumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone; VMP: bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone; Rd: lenalidomide and dexamethasone; RVd: lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone; ASCT: autologous stem cell transplant; D-VMP: daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone.