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. 2024 Apr 30;25(9):4874. doi: 10.3390/ijms25094874

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Accumulation of 3′-free DNA ends caused by hydrogen peroxide is enhanced by VRK1 depletion in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. (A) Image panels showing TUNEL levels stained by IF and detected using confocal microscopy. VRK1 was depleted using siVRK1-02 and si-VRK1-03 for 72 h. siControl was used as off-target siRNA control. Cells were treated with 200 µM H2O2 for 30 and 60 min. Squares on the left images are highlighting detailed cells shown on the right images of the panels. DAPI was used to stain nuclei. (B) Plot showing the quantification TUNEL levels of 50 cells for all conditions. (C) Immunoblot showing VRK1 levels. β-actin was used as a loading control. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001; n.s.: not significant. a.u.: arbitrary units; NT: non-treated; siCt: siControl; siV-02: siVRK1-02. siV-03: siVRK1-03. Experiments were independently performed three times.