Table 2.

Summary of studies showing the association between maternal anemia and the outcomes in their breastfed child.

Study	Country	Child’s Age	Outcomes
Meinzen-Derr et al. (2006) [45]	Mexico	0–6 months old	Maternal anemia was significantly associated with their children’s anemia with odds ratio of 3.3 (95% CI = 1.1–9.9; p = 0.03).
Teixeira et al. (2010) [37]	Brazil	6 months old	Children receiving exclusive breastfeeding whose mothers had maternal anemia had significantly lower hemoglobin concentration compared to those whose mothers did not have maternal anemia (10.1 g/dL vs. 10.8 g/dL; p = 0.03).
Marques et al. (2014) [48]	Brazil	1–6 months old	Maternal iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia are not significantly associated with their infants’ iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia (p > 0.05).
Marques et al. (2016) [44]	Brazil	0–6 months old	Maternal Hb correlated significantly with their offspring’s Hb, especially at the age of 4 and 5 months old (β = 1.134 and 0.845, respectively).
Reinbott et al. (2016) [46]	Cambodia	3–23 months old	Maternal anemia was significantly associated with their children’s anemia at the age of 6–24 months old (p = 0.008). Maternal anemia increased the risk of their children’s anemia as high as 1.77 times in children aged 6–12 months old and 1.82 times in children aged 12–24 months old.
Rini et al. (2019) [42]	Indonesia	0–6 months old	Anemia during lactation had a significant low to moderate correlation with infant weight (r = 0.447 = p < 0.001).
Sudaryati et al. (2019) [41]	Indonesia	0–6 months old	Anemia in lactating mothers is not associated with infant growth (p = 0.161) and nutritional status (p = 0.685).

β = correlation coefficients; CI = confidence interval; Hb = hemoglobin.