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. 2024 Apr 23;29(9):1927. doi: 10.3390/molecules29091927

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Treatment with PV protected against CP-induced renal oxidative stress as revealed by oxidative stress parameters ((A) MDA levels and (B) iNOs expression) and activities of the antioxidant enzymes ((C) CAT, (E) SOD, and (G) GPx) and their related genes ((D) CAT and (F) SOD3). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 7). * Moreover, # represents a significant difference at p < 0.05 against the control (Cnt) and cisplatin (CP) groups. PV100, low dose papaverine-treated group; PV200, high dose papaverine-treated group.