Skip to main content
. 2024 May 2;11(1):e002365. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002365

Table 3.

Comparison of outcomes between study arms, intention-to-treat (imputation of missing data using last carried forward)

Singing for Lung Health online (n=57) Usual care (UC) (n=58)
Outcome variable Baseline Follow-up Change (mean (SD)) Baseline Follow-up Change (mean (SD)) Regression coefficient
(95% CI)
P value
RAND SF-36 PHC score 30.00 (22.43–36.38) (n=57) 29.79 (23.39–35.50) −0.12 (4.93) 28.37 (22.32–35.77)
(n=54)
26.71 (21.33–33.72) −1.83 (4.77) 1.77 (0.11 to 3.44) 0.037
RAND SF-36 MHC score 36.71 (31.50–51.28) (n=57) 39.57 (29.73–48.15) −0.96 (6.74) 36.44 (27.76–47.89) (n=54) 36.00 (28.06–42.04) −1.31 (7.58) 0.86 (−1.68 to 3.40) 0.504
 SF-36 physical function 20.00 (5.00–40.00) 25.00 (10.00–45.00) 2.98 (13.66) 20.00 (10.00–45.00) 25.00 (10.00–45.00) 0.09 (11.51) 2.43 (−2.12 to 6.99) 0.292
 SF-36 role limitation, physical 0.00 (0.00–50.00) 0.00 (0.00–50.00) −2.19 (26.42) 0.00 (0.00–50.00) 0.00 (0.00–25.00) −11.57 (30.99) 8.81 (−0.55 to 18.16) 0.065
 SF-36 pain 61.00 (22.00–84.00) 52.00 (31.00–84.00) −0.65 (24.02) 41.00 (22.00–62.00) 41.00 (22.00–62.00) −2.98 (18.70) 4.78 (−2.70 to 12.27) 0.208
 SF-36 general health 25.00 (10.00–37.00) 20.00 (10.00–35.00) −1.19 (12.20) 21.00 (15.00–40.00) 20.00 (10.00–35.00) −2.50 (11.24) 1.03 (−3.19 to 5.25) 0.629
 SF-36 energy 35.00 (25.00–50.00) 35.00 (25.00–50.00) −0.26 (14.22) 25.00 (15.00–45.00) 32.50 (15.00–45.00) 0.09 (14.68) 1.50 (−3.43 to 6.44) 0.547
 SF-36 role limitation, emotional 66.67 (0.00–100.00) 66.67 (0.00–100.00) 2.34 (39.27) 33.33 (0.00–100.00) 33.33 (0.00–100.00) −3.09 (44.52) 7.53 (−6.60 to 21.67) 0.293
 SF-36 emotional well-being 68.00 (56.00–84.00) 68.00 (52.00–80.00) −1.82 (12.94) 60.00 (52.00–84.00) 62.00 (40.00–76.00) −2.81 (14.94) 2.07 (−2.87 to 7.01) 0.407
 SF-36 social functioning 50.00 (25.00–75.00) 50.00 (25.00–75.00) −4.39 (20.11) 50.00 (25.00–75.00) 43.75 (25.00–62.50) −3.47 (27.41) −0.39 (−8.52 to 7.73) 0.924
CAT score 25.00 (18.00–29.00) (n=57) 24.00 (17.00–29.00) −0.18 (4.43) 24.50 (16.00–29.00) (n=54) 24.00 (16.00–31.00) 0.67 (5.03) −0.80 (−2.56 to 0.96) 0.370
Dyspnoea 12 18.00 (12.50–25.50) (n=56) 19.00 (9.00–24.00) −0.57 (6.06) 18.50 (12.00–25.00) (n=54) 20.00 (12.00–26.00) 0.48 (5.36) −1.23 (−3.31 to 0.85) 0.243
Medical research council breathlessness score 4.00 (3.00–4.00) (n=57) 4.00 (3.00–4.00) −0.02 (0.81) 4.00 (3.00–4.00) (n=56) 4.00 (3.00–4.00) −0.02 (0.56) 0.02 (−0.22 to 0.26) 0.865
Depression (PHQ-9) 7.00 (2.00–12.00) (n=57) 7.00 (3.00–14.00) 0.89 (4.44) 10.00 (3.00–14.00) (n=55) 10.00 (6.00–13.00) 0.73 (3.68) −0.08 (−1.52 to 1.36) 0.913
Anxiety (GAD-7) 2.50 (0.00–7.50) (n=56) 1.00 (3.00–8.50) 0.71 (4.26) 4.00 (1.00–7.00) (n=55) 5.00 (1.00–8.00) 0.67 (3.29) −0.05 (−1.45 to 1.35) 0.943
ABC score 75.63 (40.00–88.13) (n=57) 74.38 (41.25–86.88) −0.89 (14.82) 73.13 (48.13–89.69) (n=55) 63.13 (38.75–86.88) −7.35 18.62 6.15 (−0.079 to 12.37) 0.053
PROactive total score 55.00 (37.50–61.00) (n=49) 57.00 (40.50–63.50) −0.19 (8.66) 51.25 (43.50–62.50) (n=40) 50.50 (43.75–59.50) −0.40 (11.88) −0.06 (−4.36 to 4.24) 0.978
 PROactive amount score 50.00 (33.00–59.00) (n=49) 50.00 (33.00–63.00) 0.51 (7.95) 45.00 (33.00–54.00) (n=40) 45.00 (39.00–59.00) 1.27 (16.83) −0.85 (−6.06 to 4.37) 0.747
 PROactive difficulty score 56.00 (44.00–68.00) (n=54) 56.00 (44.00–70.00) −0.41 (11.30) 56.00 (46.00–70.00) (n=54) 55.00 (44.00–70.00) −2.02 (10.21) 1.41 (−2.67 to 5.50) 0.494
Daily step count 3678.25 (2190.60–5413.80) (n=51) 3315.80 (2022.00–5646.00) 248.96 (3274.24) 3575.60 (2174.00–4568.20 (n=41) 2844.00 (1284.40–5402.00) −1060.33 (3810.53) 1225.77 (−79.16082 to 2530.702) 0.065

Data presented are median (IQR), or mean (SD, n (%) as stated.

ABC, Activities-specific Balance Confidence; CAT, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test; GAD-7, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire; MHC, Mental Health Composite ; PHC, Physical Health Composite; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire (9 question); SF-36, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey.