Table 4.
Definitions of each theme in post-interview analysis
| Theme | Definition |
|---|---|
| Wellness | This is the first level of classification. If the comment is about any aspect of the wellness intervention’s content, you label it as “wellness.” Aspects of the wellness content may include the general structure of each daily session or the week-long program |
| Character Strengths | This is a subcategory of Wellness. It refers to comments made about the character strength activities or topic taught in the interventions. (Picking your character strengths, and using one in a new way) |
| Savoring | This is a subcategory of Wellness. It refers to comments made about the savoring activities or topic taught in the interventions. (Picking an activity to savor, and reflecting on the activity) |
| Gratitude | This is a subcategory of Wellness. It refers to comments made about the gratitude activities or topic taught in the interventions. (3 good things and the gratitude letter) |
| Time | This code is a subcategory of wellness and refers to comments on the duration of the wellness sessions. It also may refer to how the sessions integrated with the participant’s overall schedule |
| Social robot | This code refers to comments about robots exhibiting social behaviors or limitations in the ability to express these behaviors. Such behaviors may include holding conversation and listening, acting as a companion, and the robot’s ability to comprehend or adapt to what the user is saying or doing (personalization and natural language processing). Generally the type of conversation extends beyond basic command and response. Instead they include turn-taking conversations that humans might hold |
| Character | This code refers to comments around the robot’s character. Such traits might include the robot’s personality as well as its physical form/embodiment, style of speaking, and tone of voice |
| Attention | This code refers to comments about the robot’s responsiveness to the participant. Indicators of attention might include motion, sleep and wake states, and attentiveness to the participant. This does not include issues caused by lagging |
| Learning | This code largely refers to comments about learning or thinking abouttopics in a new way. It may cover the participant learning on their own, or the robot helping to guide or teach them new things |
| Utility | This code refers to participants’ comments about convenience and utility-based features or concepts. Utility-based features are considered those in which the participant is asking the robot to do something for them, not with them. Utility interactions are transactional in nature. Examples include information-based queries, weather, music, etc. |
| Entertainment | This code refers to comments about entertainment. Such discussion may revolve around specific features of the robot, or more generally the robot as a platform for entertainment. Entertainment features are defined as those that are used for fun and they may be novel to the robot. These features are more relational and tend to provide an experience rather than a utile service |
| System | This code refers to comments about the interaction of the robot with either the tablet, network, wifi, etc. Concerns about connectivity and lagging are examples of “system” |
| Security and Privacy | This code refers to comments about security, privacy, data collection, information handling, data transparency, etc. |
| Devices | This code refers to mentions of other robot or voice agent technologies other than the robot being used in the study |
| Social | This code refers to comments about the participant’s social environment. This includes their living-space, their friends/others in their lives and the positive or negative changes in the environment due to the robot or other reasons |
| Mood | This code largely refers to comments about the participant’s emotional state throughout the time with the robot. How the participant was feeling |