Table 2.
Comparison of baseline information of patients between high and low DGPRI groups.
| Characteristics | All patients N = 378 | Low DGPRI N = 177 | High DGPRI N = 201 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | 0.060 | |||
| Male | 332 (87.8%) | 149 (84.2%) | 183 (91.0%) | |
| Female | 46 (12.2%) | 28 (15.8%) | 18 (8.96%) | |
| Age, n (%) | 0.186 | |||
| < 60 | 229 (60.6%) | 114 (64.4%) | 115 (57.2%) | |
| ≥ 60 | 149 (39.4%) | 63 (35.6%) | 86 (42.8%) | |
| Family history of malignant tumors, n (%) | 0.743 | |||
| No | 288 (76.2%) | 133 (75.1%) | 155 (77.1%) | |
| Yes | 90 (23.8%) | 44 (24.9%) | 46 (22.9%) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 0.762 | |||
| No | 256 (67.7%) | 118 (66.7%) | 138 (68.7%) | |
| Yes | 122 (32.3%) | 59 (33.3%) | 63 (31.3%) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 0.244 | |||
| No | 310 (82.0%) | 150 (84.7%) | 160 (79.6%) | |
| Yes | 68 (18.0%) | 27 (15.3%) | 41 (20.4%) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.178 | |||
| No | 190 (50.3%) | 96 (54.2%) | 94 (46.8%) | |
| Yes | 188 (49.7%) | 81 (45.8%) | 107 (53.2%) | |
| HBV infection, n (%) | 0.914 | |||
| No | 111 (29.4%) | 51 (28.8%) | 60 (29.9%) | |
| Yes | 267 (70.6%) | 126 (71.2%) | 141 (70.1%) | |
| HCV infection, n (%) | 0.995 | |||
| No | 347 (91.8%) | 163 (92.1%) | 184 (91.5%) | |
| Yes | 31 (8.20%) | 14 (7.91%) | 17 (8.46%) | |
| BMI, n (%) | 0.171 | |||
| < 28 | 322 (85.2%) | 156 (88.1%) | 166 (82.6%) | |
| ≥ 28 | 56 (14.8%) | 21 (11.9%) | 35 (17.4%) | |
| Operation duration, n (%) | 0.085 | |||
| ≤ 180 | 184 (48.7%) | 95 (53.7%) | 89 (44.3%) | |
| > 180 | 194 (51.3%) | 82 (46.3%) | 112 (55.7%) | |
| Intraoperative blood loss, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| ≤ 200 | 251 (66.4%) | 139 (78.5%) | 112 (55.7%) | |
| > 200 | 127 (33.6%) | 38 (21.5%) | 89 (44.3%) | |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion, n (%) | 0.043 | |||
| No | 341 (90.2%) | 166 (93.8%) | 175 (87.1%) | |
| Yes | 37 (9.79%) | 11 (6.21%) | 26 (12.9%) | |
| Number of tumors, n (%) | 0.304 | |||
| Single | 350 (92.6%) | 167 (94.4%) | 183 (91.0%) | |
| Multiple | 28 (7.41%) | 10 (5.65%) | 18 (8.96%) | |
| Edmondson Steiner grade, n (%) | 0.530 | |||
| I-II | 310 (82.0%) | 148 (83.6%) | 162 (80.6%) | |
| III-IV | 68 (18.0%) | 29 (16.4%) | 39 (19.4%) | |
| Maximum diameter of the largest tumor, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
| < 5 | 289 (76.5%) | 135 (76.3%) | 154 (76.6%) | |
| ≥ 5 | 89 (23.5%) | 42 (23.7%) | 47 (23.4%) | |
| Liver capsule invasion, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
| No | 216 (57.1%) | 101 (57.1%) | 115 (57.2%) | |
| Yes | 162 (42.9%) | 76 (42.9%) | 86 (42.8%) | |
| MVI, n (%) | 0.342 | |||
| No | 294 (77.8%) | 142 (80.2%) | 152 (75.6%) | |
| Yes | 84 (22.2%) | 35 (19.8%) | 49 (24.4%) | |
| Satellite nodule, n (%) | 0.051 | |||
| No | 357 (94.4%) | 172 (97.2%) | 185 (92.0%) | |
| Yes | 21 (5.56%) | 5 (2.82%) | 16 (7.96%) | |
| TNM staging, n (%) | 0.167 | |||
| I | 266 (70.4%) | 133 (75.1%) | 133 (66.2%) | |
| II | 91 (24.1%) | 35 (19.8%) | 56 (27.9%) | |
| III | 20 (5.29%) | 9 (5.08%) | 11 (5.47%) | |
| IV | 1 (0.26%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (0.50%) | |
| BCLC staging, n (%) | 0.294 | |||
| 0 | 69 (18.3%) | 31 (17.5%) | 38 (18.9%) | |
| A | 288 (76.2%) | 140 (79.1%) | 148 (73.6%) | |
| B | 16 (4.23%) | 4 (2.26%) | 12 (5.97%) | |
| C | 5 (1.32%) | 2 (1.13%) | 3 (1.49%) | |
| Scheuer scoring system, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| S0-S1 | 126 (33.3%) | 80 (45.2%) | 46 (22.9%) | |
| S2-S4 | 252 (66.7%) | 97 (54.8%) | 155 (77.1%) | |
| AFP, median [IQR] | 4.22 [2.55;7.08] | 3.26 [2.08;6.07] | 4.96 [2.90;7.84] | < 0.001 |
| HGB, median [IQR] | 151 [142;160] | 151 [141;158] | 152 [142;162] | 0.123 |
| PLT, median [IQR] | 164 [129;202] | 183 [157;221] | 141 [103;177] | < 0.001 |
| ALT, median [IQR] | 26.0 [20.0;40.0] | 22.2 [17.0;31.0] | 30.0 [23.0;46.0] | < 0.001 |
| AST, median [IQR] | 25.0 [20.0;33.0] | 22.0 [19.0;27.2] | 28.0 [22.0;39.0] | < 0.001 |
| TBIL, median [IQR] | 13.6 [9.90;17.2] | 11.9 [8.40;14.9] | 15.4 [11.8;19.2] | < 0.001 |
| DBIL, median [IQR] | 4.50 [3.40;5.80] | 3.70 [2.80;4.70] | 5.40 [4.20;6.60] | < 0.001 |
| ALB, median [IQR] | 44.5 [41.6;46.8] | 44.4 [41.9;46.5] | 44.5 [41.4;47.4] | 0.498 |
| LDH, median [IQR] | 169 [147;191] | 159 [142;183] | 173 [153;195] | 0.001 |
| GGT, median [IQR] | 40.0 [26.0;63.9] | 26.0 [20.1;37.0] | 60.0 [41.0;89.0] | < 0.001 |
| Major hepatectomy, n (%) | 0.890 | |||
| No | 315 (83.3%) | 148 (83.6%) | 167 (83.1%) | |
| Yes | 63 (16.7%) | 29 (16.4%) | 34 (16.9%) | |
| Adjuvant therapy, n (%) | 0.614 | |||
| No | 299 (79.1%) | 142 (80.2%) | 157 (78.1%) | |
| Yes | 79 (20.9%) | 35 (19.8%) | 44 (21.9%) | |
DGPRI DBIL-GPR index. HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, BMI body mass index, MVI microvascular invasion, AJCC-TNM American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor–node–metastasis, BCLC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, HGB hemoglobin, PLT platelet, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, TBIL total bilirubin, ALB albumin, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, DBIL direct bilirubin, GGT gamma.