Table 1. Summary of patient characteristics.
| Characteristics | Group A (n=21) | Group B (n=17) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 65±7.3 | 68±7.0 | 0.26 |
| Sex, male | 14 (66.7) | 10 (58.8) | 0.62 |
| Smoking history | 5 (23.8) | 9 (52.9) | 0.06 |
| Drinking history | 8 (38.1) | 10 (58.8) | 0.20 |
| Malignant-tumors history | 3 (14.3) | 2 (11.8) | 0.82 |
| Concomitant diseases | |||
| Hypertension | 9 (42.9) | 5 (29.4) | 0.39 |
| Diabetes | 7 (33.3) | 4 (23.5) | 0.51 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.2±2.4 | 20.6±2.4 | 0.44 |
| Tumor location | 0.28 | ||
| Upper | 5 (23.8) | 4 (23.5) | |
| Middle | 13 (61.9) | 7 (41.2) | |
| Lower | 3 (14.3) | 6 (35.3) | |
| ASA Physical Status Classification | 0.91 | ||
| I | 9 (42.9) | 8 (47.1) | |
| II | 10 (47.6) | 8 (47.1) | |
| III | 2 (9.5) | 1 (5.9) | |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 1 (4.8) | 1 (5.9) | 0.88 |
| Neoadjuvant radiation | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | >0.99 |
| Pathological type | 0.82 | ||
| SCC | 18 (85.7) | 15 (88.2) | |
| AC | 3 (14.3) | 2 (11.8) | |
| T | 0.55 | ||
| 1 | 14 (66.6) | 14 (82.4) | |
| 2 | 5 (23.8) | 3 (17.6) | |
| 3 | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0) | |
| 4 | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0) | |
| N | 0.70 | ||
| 0 | 18 (85.6) | 14 (82.3) | |
| 1 | 1 (4.8) | 1 (5.9) | |
| 2 | 1 (4.8) | 2 (11.8) | |
| 3 | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0) | |
| M | >0.99 | ||
| 0 | 21 (100.0) | 17 (100.0) | |
| 1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Pathological stage | 0.71 | ||
| I | 15 (71.4) | 12 (70.6) | |
| II | 4 (19.0) | 3 (17.6) | |
| III | 1 (4.8) | 2 (11.8) | |
| IV | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Residual tumor classification | 0.65 | ||
| R0 | 18 (85.7) | 15 (88.2) | |
| R1 | 2 (9.5) | 2 (11.8) | |
| R2 | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Length of stay (days) | 19.5±7.5 | 20.3±8.0 | 0.68 |
| 30-day complications | 5 (23.8) | 4 (23.5) | 0.98 |
Continuous data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. Categorical data were expressed as counts and percentages. Group A: traditional mediastinoscopy combined with multi-port laparoscopy; Group B, modified secondary mediastinoscopy combined with “SI + 1” laparoscopy. AC, adenocarcinoma; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; SI + 1, single-incision plus one-port.