Table 1. Baseline and surgical characteristics between non-suction and suction groups.
| Characteristics | Total (n=206) | Non-suction (n=103) | Suction (n=103) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 54.83±12.00 | 55.86±11.57 | 53.79±12.39 | 0.22 |
| Sex | 0.44 | |||
| Male | 58 (28.16) | 32 (31.07) | 26 (25.24) | |
| Female | 148 (71.84) | 71 (68.93) | 77 (74.76) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.11±2.83 | 22.98±2.70 | 23.23±2.95 | 0.52 |
| Smoking status | >0.99 | |||
| Never | 182 (88.35) | 91 (88.35) | 91 (88.35) | |
| Current/ever | 24 (11.65) | 12 (11.65) | 12 (11.65) | |
| ASA | >0.99 | |||
| 2 | 187 (90.78) | 93 (90.29) | 94 (91.26) | |
| 3 | 19 (9.22) | 10 (9.71) | 9 (8.74) | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 32 (15.53) | 21 (20.39) | 11 (10.68) | 0.08 |
| History of cancer | 21 (10.19) | 11 (10.68) | 10 (9.71) | >0.99 |
| Pulmonary bullae | 16 (7.77) | 8 (7.77) | 8 (7.77) | >0.99 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (4.37) | 7 (6.80) | 2 (1.94) | 0.17 |
| COPD | 1 (0.49) | 0 | 1 (0.97) | >0.99 |
| Pulmonary function test | ||||
| FEV1, L | 2.73±1.88 | 2.62±0.59 | 2.86±2.69 | 0.38 |
| FEV1% | 108.27±17.13 | 108.10±15.82 | 108.47±18.59 | 0.89 |
| DLCO, mL/mmHg/min | 22.56±4.74 | 22.47±4.99 | 22.66±4.47 | 0.79 |
| DLCO% | 97.55±14.45 | 96.69±14.98 | 98.54±13.84 | 0.38 |
| Tumor location | 0.11 | |||
| Right upper lobe | 54 (26.21) | 29 (28.16) | 25 (24.27) | |
| Right middle lobe | 9 (4.37) | 3 (2.91) | 6 (5.83) | |
| Right lower lobe | 36 (17.48) | 22 (21.36) | 14 (13.59) | |
| Left lower lobe | 34 (16.50) | 20 (19.42) | 14 (13.59) | |
| Left upper lobe | 42 (20.39) | 14 (13.59) | 28 (27.18) | |
| Multiple lobes | 31 (15.05) | 15 (14.56) | 16 (15.53) | |
| Tumor size, cm | 1.49±0.86 | 1.59±0.90 | 1.40±0.80 | 0.12 |
| Pleural adhesion | 0.07 | |||
| No | 50 (24.27) | 31 (30.10) | 19 (18.45) | |
| Yes | 156 (75.73) | 72 (69.90) | 84 (81.55) | |
| Well-developed intralobular fissure | 0.48 | |||
| No | 2 (0.97) | 0 | 2 (1.94) | |
| Yes | 204 (99.03) | 103 (100.00) | 101 (98.06) | |
| TNM stage | 0.86 | |||
| IA | 183 (88.83) | 91 (88.35) | 92 (89.32) | |
| IB | 10 (4.85) | 6 (5.83) | 4 (3.88) | |
| II+III+IV | 10 (4.85) | 5 (4.85) | 5 (4.85) | |
| Missing | 3 (1.46) | 1 (0.97) | 2 (1.94) | |
| Lymph | 0.004 | |||
| Sampling | 10 (4.85) | 10 (9.71) | 0 | |
| Dissection | 196 (95.15) | 93 (90.29) | 103 (100.00) | |
| Number of lymph node | 4.60±1.53 | 4.38±1.60 | 4.83±1.42 | 0.04 |
| Number of lymph node dissection stations | 4.65±1.47 | 4.41±1.57 | 4.88±1.34 | 0.02 |
| Extent of resection | >0.99 | |||
| Lobectomy | 123 (59.71) | 61 (59.22) | 62 (60.19) | |
| Segmentectomy | 83 (40.29) | 42 (40.78) | 41 (39.81) | |
| Histology | >0.99 | |||
| Adenocarcinoma | 201 (97.57) | 101 (98.06) | 100 (97.09) | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 5 (2.43) | 2 (1.94) | 3 (2.91) | |
| Intraoperative blood loss, mL | 14.43±6.91 | 15.00±6.29 | 13.95±7.40 | 0.34 |
| Surgery duration, min | 101.62±23.11 | 102.37±23.85 | 100.87±22.45 | 0.64 |
Normally/non-normally distributed continuous variables were presented as mean ± SD, and categorical variables were presented as n (%). BMI, body mass index; ASA, the American Society of Anaesthesiologists; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FEV1%, predicted forced expiratory volume in one second; DLCO%, predicted diffusion capacity of carbon oxide; DLCO, diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide; TNM, tumor, node, metastasis; SD, standard deviation.