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. 2024 May 11;15:3999. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48473-0

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© The Author(s) 2024

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Fig. 2 — a 2D USAXS patterns of bipolar particle slurry (before SIOT) and bipolar photonic crystal (PC) film (after SIOT). b Digital pictures of bipolar PC films fabricated with stable units (CIS particles of different sizes) and unstable units (different compositions of emitters, photosensitizer and CU). The detailed composition for (i) is CIS particles that reflect red color blended with europium complex, CU and photosensitizer; (ii) CIS particles that reflect green color blended with boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY), CU and photosensitizer; (iii) CIS particles that reflect blue color blended with perylene, CU and photosensitizer; (iv) CIS particles that reflect gold color blended with europium complex, photosensitizer but without CU. c Reflectance of bipolar PC films fabricated with CIS particles that reflect different colors (under white light). d Normalized luminescence emission spectra of bipolar PC films fabricated with different emitters (white light off). e The afterglow intensity of unstable units with CU before and after irradiated with white light for 1 min. And the afterglow intensity of unstable units without CU. The emitters being europium complex. f The intensity of reflection color and afterglow of the bipolar PC film after being exposed to white light. The emitters being europium complex.