Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of children supported on ECMOa.
| Overall (n = 95) | Favorable (n = 43) | Unfavorableb (n = 52) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Male | 52 (55) | 21 (49) | 31 (6) |
| Age group | |||
| Neonate, < 1 mo | 44 (46) | 24 (56) | 20 (38) |
| Infant, 1 mo-< 1 y | 24 (25) | 7 (16) | 17 (33) |
| Child, 1-< 12 y | 19 (20) | 7 (16) | 12 (23) |
| Adolescent, ≥ 12 y | 8 (8) | 5 (12) | 3 (6) |
| Weight, kg | 4.0 [3.1, 11.9] | 4.0 [3.2, 11.9] | 4.0 [3.0, 11.7] |
| ECMO characteristics | |||
| Primary indication for ECMO | |||
| Respiratory | 31 (33) | 22 (51) | 9 (17) |
| Non-respiratory | 64 (67) | 21 (49) | 43 (83) |
| ECMO mode: venoarterial | 88 (93) | 38 (88) | 50 (96) |
| ECMO duration, days | 4.9 [3.2, 10.2] | 4.6 [3.5, 7.5] | 5.4 [3.2, 12.5] |
| Neuroimaging (n = 84) | |||
| Neuroimaging during or within 6 weeks post-ECMO decannulation | |||
| Daily HUS during or post-ECMO | 34 (40) | 11 (31) | 23 (48) |
| Daily HUS during ECMO, brain CT during or post-ECMO, and/or brain MRI post-ECMO | 32 (38) | 18 (50) | 14 (29) |
| At least one brain CT during or post-ECMO and/or brain MRI post-ECMO, without HUS | 18 (21) | 7 (19) | 11 (23) |
| Outcomes | |||
| Composite unfavorable outcomeb | 52 (55) | NA | 52 (100) |
| In-hospital mortality | 42 (44) | NA | 42 (81) |
| Abnormal neuroimaging (n = 84) | 42 (50) | 15 (42) | 27 (56) |
ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, PCPC, Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category, HUS, head ultrasound, CT, computed tomography, MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.
aContinuous variables are presented as medians [P25, P75] and categorical variables as counts (frequencies).
bComposite unfavorable outcome: in-hospital mortality or decline in neurofunctional status defined as discharge PCPC > 2 with decline ≥ 1 from baseline PCPC among survivors.