Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics according to type of prosthetic valve used in AVR
| Characteristic | Original | IPTW | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||||
| Mechanical AVR (n=984) | Bioprosthetic AVR (n=596) | p-value | SMD (%) | Mechanical AVR (n=984) | Bioprosthetic AVR (n=596) | SMD (%) | ||
| Baseline demographics | ||||||||
| Age (yr) | 59.8±5.2 | 65.5±4.0 | <0.001 | 125.1 | 61.7±5.3 | 62.4±5.4 | 12.5 | |
| Female | 376 (38.2) | 236 (39.6) | 0.621 | 2.8 | 38.1 | 39.0 | 1.9 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.6±3.2 | 24.5±3.3 | 0.565 | 3.0 | 24.5±3.1 | 24.4±3.2 | 4.2 | |
| Baseline comorbidities | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 503 (51.1) | 332 (55.7) | 0.086 | 9.2 | 53.4 | 52.0 | 2.8 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 171 (17.4) | 151 (25.3) | <0.001 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 18.5 | 2.5 | |
| Dyslipidemia | 354 (36.0) | 233 (39.1) | 0.234 | 6.4 | 36.7 | 36.9 | 0.3 | |
| eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 23 (2.3) | 42 (7.0) | <0.001 | 22.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | <0.1 | |
| Dialysis | 16 (1.6) | 33 (5.5) | <0.001 | 21.2 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 4.3 | |
| Stroke or TIA | 34 (3.5) | 40 (6.7) | 0.004 | 14.9 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 0.5 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 160 (16.3) | 141 (23.7) | <0.001 | 18.6 | 18.8 | 20.3 | 3.8 | |
| Previous PCI | 35 (3.6) | 39 (6.5) | 0.009 | 13.7 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 0.6 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 86 (8.7) | 52 (8.7) | 1.000 | 0.1 | 8.6 | 7.7 | 3.3 | |
| Chronic lung disease | 130 (13.2) | 74 (12.4) | 0.704 | 2.4 | 14.0 | 12.0 | 6.2 | |
| NYHA fc III or IV | 204 (20.7) | 127 (21.3) | 0.834 | 1.4 | 21.1 | 18.8 | 5.7 | |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 25 (2.5) | 7 (1.2) | 0.092 | 10.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0.2 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.4±1.6 | 12.8±1.7 | <0.001 | 35.2 | 13.2±1.7 | 13.0±1.6 | 9.3 | |
| AV pathology | 0.002 | 18.3 | 2.8 | |||||
| Stenosis | 589 (59.9) | 379 (63.6) | 61.5 | 62.7 | ||||
| Insufficiency | 256 (26.0) | 112 (18.8) | 24.2 | 23.7 | ||||
| Steno-insufficiency | 139 (14.1) | 105 (17.6) | 14.3 | 13.6 | ||||
| Echocardiographic data | ||||||||
| Bicuspid AV | 567 (57.6) | 267 (44.8) | <0.001 | 25.9 | 53.5 | 51.5 | 4.0 | |
| Rheumatic pathology | 75 (7.6) | 40 (6.7) | 0.565 | 3.5 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 1.7 | |
| LVEF (%) | 57.3±11.6 | 57.8±11.9 | 0.404 | 4.3 | 57.6±11.3 | 58.2±11.3 | 5.0 | |
| LVESD (mm) | 36.9±11.4 | 35.2±10.4 | 0.004 | 15.2 | 36.2±11.1 | 35.5±10.6 | 6.5 | |
| LVEDD (mm) | 55.1±10.6 | 53.6±9.4 | 0.005 | 14.7 | 54.6±10.2 | 54.0±9.9 | 5.6 | |
| LA diameter (mm) | 41.8±7.4 | 42.0±7.0 | 0.481 | 3.7 | 41.8±7.2 | 41.4±7.3 | 4.8 | |
| Peak RV-RA PG (mm Hg) | 26.9±9.9 | 26.9±9.4 | 0.882 | 0.8 | 26.6±9.7 | 26.3±9.2 | 3.2 | |
| Significant MRa) | 32 (3.3) | 23 (3.9) | 0.620 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 1.7 | |
| Significant TRb) | 7 (0.7) | 10 (1.7) | 0.120 | 8.9 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.6 | |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation, number (%), or % unless otherwise indicated.
AVR, aortic valve replacement; IPTW, inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting; SMD, standardized mean difference; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; NYHA fc, New York Heart Association functional class; AV, aortic valve; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; LVESD, left ventricle end-systolic dimension; LVEDD, left ventricle end-diastolic dimension; LA, left atrium; RV, right ventricle; RA, right atrium; PG, pressure gradient; MR, mitral regurgitation; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
a)Moderate to severe mitral regurgitation. b)Moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation.