Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Persons With Incident Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis Race/Ethnicity
| White | Hispanic | Black | Asian/PI | Total | p Value | |
| n = 6 | n = 42 | n = 12 | n = 10 | n = 70 | ||
| Age at diagnosis, y, median (IQR) | 31.2 (24.8–37.6) | 19.6 (11.6–28.1) | 28.1 (23.8–42.1) | 27.7 (11.7–29.5) | 23.8 (14.3–31.0) | 0.01 |
| <13, n (%) | 0 (0) | 13 (31.0) | 0 (0) | 3 (30.0) | 16 (22.9) | 0.07 |
| ≥13–40, n (%) | 5 (83.3) | 24 (57.1) | 8 (66.7) | 7 (70.0) | 44 (62.9) | |
| >40, n (%) | 1 (16.7) | 5 (11.9) | 4 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 10 (14.3) | |
| Time from symptom onset to diagnosis, d, median (IQR) | 30.5 (9.0–59.0) | 17.5 (11.0–25.0) | 15.5 (7.0–22.0) | 12.0 (6.0–23.0) | 17.0 (9.0–26.0) | 0.43 |
| Female, n (%) | 2 (33.3) | 25 (59.5) | 10 (83.3) | 8 (80.0) | 45 (64.3) | 0.13 |
| Presenting symptoms, n (%) | ||||||
| Seizures | 3 (50.0) | 22 (52.4) | 7 (58.3) | 4 (40.0) | 36 (51.4) | 0.89 |
| Psychobehavioral symptoms | 6 (100.0) | 41 (97.6) | 12 (100) | 9 (90.0) | 68 (97.1) | 0.44 |
| Movement disorders | 3 (50.0) | 16 (38.1) | 8 (66.7) | 9 (90.0) | 36 (51.4) | 0.01 |
| Sleep disturbances | 1 (16.7) | 21 (50.0) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (30.0) | 28 (40.0) | 0.25 |
| Clinical triggers, n (%) | ||||||
| None | 3 (50.0) | 29 (69.0) | 3 (25.0) | 8 (80.0) | 43 (61.4) | 0.002 |
| Teratoma/dermoid tumors | 1 (16.7) | 12 (28.6) | 8 (66.7) | 1 (10.0) | 22 (31.4) | |
| HSV infection | 2 (33.3) | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (4.3) | |
| Other viral triggera | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Other tumorb | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (8.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | |
| CSF/serum antibody tests, n (%) | ||||||
| At least 1 positive | 5 (83.3) | 41 (97.6) | 12 (100) | 9 (90.0) | 67 (95.7) | 0.15 |
| CSF not done/serum negative | 1 (16.7) | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (10.0) | 3 (4.3) | |
| CSF pleocytosis presentc, n (%) | 3 (50.0) | 29 (69.0) | 9 (75.0) | 8 (80.0) | 49 (70.0) | 0.71 |
| MRI, n (%) | ||||||
| Normal | 3 (50.0) | 26 (61.9) | 5 (41.7) | 8 (80.0) | 42 (60.0) | 0.16 |
| Abnormal, unilateral | 0 (0) | 4 (9.5) | 2 (16.7) | 2 (20.0) | 8 (11.4) | |
| Abnormal, bilateral | 3 (50.00%) | 12 (28.6) | 5 (41.7) | 0 (0) | 20 (28.6) | |
| EEGd, n (%) | ||||||
| Normal | 4 (66.7) | 9 (21.4) | 2 (16.7) | 1 (10.0) | 16 (22.9) | 0.03 |
| Abnormal | 1 (16.7) | 31 (73.8) | 10 (83.3) | 9 (90.0) | 51 (72.9) |
Abbreviations: HSV = herpes simplex virus; IQR = interquartile range; NMDAR = N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor; PI = Pacific Islander.
a
Patient had concomitant RSV infection at the same time of NMDAR onset.
b
Lung mass in smoker who died before biopsy could be obtained.
c
CSF testing was not performed in 1 White and 1 Black patient.
d
EEG was not performed/report not found for 1 White patient and 2 Hispanic patients.