Fig. 10.

ALD of ZnO on microrough zirconia. a Schematic diagram of the preparation and biological properties of different samples. b The optical and SEM images of four samples. c Cross-sectional SEM images of ZnO layers prepared by 500 and 1000 ALD cycles [287]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. ALD atomic layer deposition, ZnO zinc oxide, SEM scanning electron microscopy, ZrO₂ zirconium dioxide, SA and blasted and acid etching, S. aureus Staphylococcus aureus