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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Surg. 2024 Mar 15;238(4):720–730. doi: 10.1097/XCS.0000000000000957

Table 1:

Sociodemographic and access-related variables based on Area Deprivation Index (ADI) tertiles

Variable Low Deprivation Intermediate Deprivation High Deprivation p-value
Age
<55 years 34 (16.4%) 20 (13.6%) 25 (17.4%) 0.07
55–74 years 118 (57%) 103 (70.1%) 94 (65.3%)
75+ years 55 (26.6%) 24 (16.3%) 25 (17.4%)
Gender
Male 115 (55.6%) 82 (55.8%) 77 (53.5%) 0.91
Female 92 (44.4%) 65 (44.2%) 67 (46.5%)
Race
White 172 (83.1%) 100 (68%) 55 (38.2%) <0.0001
Black 23 (11.1%) 40 (27.2%) 82 (56.9%)
Other 12 (5.8%) 7 (4.8%) 7 (4.9%)
Marital Status
Married 128 (61.8%) 81 (55.1%) 61 (42.4%) 0.001
Unmarried 79 (38.2%) 66 (44.9%) 83 (57.6%)
Insurance Status
Medicare 128 (61.8%) 79 (53.7%) 77 (53.5%) 0.02
Private 55 (26.6%) 43 (29.3%) 30 (20.8%)
Medicaid 7 (3.4%) 9 (6.1%) 17 (11.8%)
Uninsured 5 (2.4%) 5 (3.4%) 10 (6.9%)
VA 12 (5.8%) 11 (7.5%) 10 (6.9%)
Presence of PCP
No 13 (6.5%) 33 (22.6%) 62 (43.1%) <0.0001
Yes 186 (93.5%) 113 (77.4%) 82 (56.9%)
Work-up by
ED 57 (27.5%) 58 (39.4%) 112 (77.8%) <0.0001
PCP 150 (72.6%) 89 (60.6%) 32 (22.2%)
Prior Cancer Screening
No 107 (51.7%) 101 (68.7%) 116 (80.6%) <0.0001
Yes 100 (48.3%) 46 (31.3%) 28 (19.4%)
Stage at Diagnosis
1 23 (11.3%) 18 (12.2%) 17 (11.9%) 0.42
2 31 (15.2%) 19 (12.9%) 28 (19.6%)
3 63 (30.9%) 52 (35.4%) 47 (32.9%)
4 87 (42.7%) 58 (39.5%) 51 (35.7%)
ED visits after diagnosis
<3 193 (93.2%) 128 (87.1%) 101 (70.1%) <0.0001
≥3 ED visits 14 (6.8%) 19 (12.9%) 43 (29.9%)