Table 1.
Description of the UK and Canadian study regions, including population size by sex and age, geographic area, household income, and paramedic capacity.
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East Midlands region, United Kingdom (n=4,865,583) | Niagara and Hamilton regions, Canada (n=1,019,510) | |||
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
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Female | 2,457,905 (50.5) | 522,488 (51.2) | ||
|
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Male | 2,407,678 (49.5) | 497,022 (48.8) | ||
| Age (years), n (%) | |||||
|
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<18 | 1,007,895 (20.7) | 206,428 (20.4) | ||
|
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18-44 | 1,623,597 (33.4) | 306,517 (30.4) | ||
|
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45-65 | 1,331,144 (27.4) | 289,575 (28.7) | ||
|
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>65 | 902,947 (18.6) | 207,184 (20.5) | ||
| Geographic and population description | |||||
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Area (km2) | 16,640 | 3226 | ||
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Population density (residents per square kilometer) | 290 | 316 | ||
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Adjusted household income (US $)a | $44,357b | $46,003c | ||
| Paramedic service description | |||||
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Peak number of vehicles staffed | 496 | 69 (38 Niagara and 31 Hamilton) | ||
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Number of persons per vehicle | 9809 | 14,776 | ||
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Total number of crew staff | 3200 | 745 (343 Niagara and 402 Hamilton) | ||
aAdjusted household income using the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development purchasing power parities [18] based on a standardized basket of goods and services for the United Kingdom (0.7) and Canada (1.3).
bThe mean disposable income, according to the United Kingdom Office for National Statistics, 2016 census [19].
cThe median after-tax income, according to Statistics Canada, 2016 census [20]; weighted median using the Hamilton and Niagara population totals from the same year.