Fig. 4.

Predicted probability of detecting several pathogens in fecal samples from Cantabrian brown bear (Ursus arctos) population ± confidence interval 95% (error bars or shaded band). (a) Predicted probability of Canine Adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) depending on the dispersion of human population (Demangeon's index). (b) Predicted probability of CAdV-1 depending on the coverage of agricultural-periurban habitat (percentage in a 6 km-buffer from each fecal sample). (c) Predicted probability of Salmonella spp. depending on the coverage of agricultural-periurban habitat (percentage in a 6 km-buffer from each fecal sample). (d) Predicted pathogen richness (positive to none −0-, a single pathogen −1- or two pathogens −2-) depending on the dispersion of human population (Demangeon's index). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)