Table 1.
Comparison of participant demographics and characteristics for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (N/R) treated and untreated groups before and after propensity score matching
| All | Matched | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Characteristic | N/R treated1 | Untreated1 | p-value2 | N/R treated1 | Untreated1 | p-value2 |
| N = 133 | N = 1,101 | N = 130 | N = 241 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Age at enrollment, years | 57 (42, 67) | 39 (29, 52) | <0.001 | 56 (41, 66) | 53 (43, 65) | 0.5 |
| Male sex | 55 (41%) | 423 (38%) | 0.5 | 54 (42%) | 99 (41%) | >0.9 |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | >0.9 | ||||
| White, Non-Hispanic | 111 (83%) | 731 (66%) | 108 (83%) | 203 (84%) | ||
| Hispanic/Latino | 5 (3.8%) | 218 (20%) | 5 (3.8%) | 11 (4.6%) | ||
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 7 (5.3%) | 51 (4.6%) | 7 (5.4%) | 12 (5.0%) | ||
| Other | 8 (6.0%) | 88 (8.0%) | 8 (6.2%) | 12 (5.0%) | ||
| Unk/Refused | 2 (1.5%) | 13 (1.2%) | 2 (1.5%) | 3 (1.2%) | ||
| Social Vulnerability Index3 | 0.27 | 0.38 | <0.001 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.6 |
| (0.10, 0.47) | (0.15, 0.67) | (0.10, 0.50) | (0.11, 0.49) | |||
| Prior COVID-19 | 42 (32%) | 372 (34%) | 0.6 | 41 (32%) | 79 (33%) | 0.8 |
| Enrolled from a sentinel site | 100 (75%) | 663 (60%) | <0.001 | 97 (75%) | 181 (75%) | >0.9 |
| Index participant | 90 (68%) | 663 (60%) | 0.1 | 87 (67%) | 166 (69%) | 0.7 |
| Sought medical care after enrollment | 25 (19%) | 54 (4.9%) | <0.001 | 24 (18%) | 33 (14%) | 0.2 |
| Received 3+ COVID-19 vaccine doses | 120 (90%) | 792 (72%) | <0.001 | 117 (90%) | 217 (90%) | >0.9 |
| Received COVID-19 vaccine <6 months ago | 54 (41%) | 347 (32%) | 0.035 | 52 (40%) | 95 (39%) | >0.9 |
| Number of reported chronic medical conditions4 | 1 (1, 2) | 0 (0, 1) | <0.001 | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (0, 2) | 0.2 |
| Asthma or other chronic lung disease | 28 (21%) | 161 (15%) | 0.052 | 27 (21%) | 47 (20%) | 0.8 |
| Cardiovascular/heart disease | 41 (31%) | 180 (16%) | <0.001 | 40 (31%) | 66 (27%) | 0.5 |
| Diabetes | 18 (14%) | 55 (5.0%) | <0.001 | 17 (13%) | 27 (11%) | 0.6 |
| Cancer | 20 (15%) | 57 (5.2%) | <0.001 | 18 (14%) | 26 (11%) | 0.4 |
| Chronic kidney or liver disease | 2 (1.5%) | 18 (1.6%) | >0.9 | 2 (1.5%) | 4 (1.7%) | >0.9 |
| Immunocompromising condition or currently takes any immune suppressing medications | 12 (9.0%) | 52 (4.7%) | 0.035 | 12 (9.2%) | 23 (9.5%) | >0.9 |
| Any other chronic medical condition | 54 (41%) | 211 (19%) | <0.001 | 52 (40%) | 93 (39%) | 0.8 |
| Predominant variant at time of enrollment | 0.3 | >0.9 | ||||
| Omicron BA1/BA2: Dec 21 - Apr 22 | 5 (3.8%) | 62 (5.6%) | 5 (3.8%) | 9 (3.7%) | ||
| Omicron BA4/5: May 22 - mid Jan 23 | 109 (82%) | 922 (84%) | 108 (83%) | 202 (84%) | ||
| Omicron XBB: mid Jan 23 on | 19 (14%) | 117 (11%) | 17 (13%) | 30 (12%) | ||
Median (IQR); n (%)
Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test; Fisher’s exact test
Social Vulnerability Index was determined based on the 2020 US decennial census tract location of the home. It uses 16 U.S. census variables to indicate the relative vulnerability of every U.S. census tract to a hazardous event with values closer to 1 representing highly vulnerable areas and values closer to 0 representing least vulnerable areas.
Elicited chronic medical conditions included asthma, non-asthma chronic lung disease, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular/heart disease, immunocompromising conditions, immune suppressing medications, kidney disease, liver disease, and other chronic medical conditions.