Table 2.
Factors contributing to treatment refractoriness.
| Refractory | Responder | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | (N = 72) | (N = 137) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value |
| Age (years), median (range) | 74 (51–88) | 74 (40–90) | 0.937 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 51 (70.8) | 107 (67.7) | 0.309 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9 ± 0.8 | 23.0 ± 0.6 | 0.897 | ||
| Hepatitis B, C virus infection, n (%) | 35 (48.1) | 59 (43.1) | 0.467 | ||
| Child–Pugh score | 5.81 ± 0.10 | 5.46 ± 0.07 | 0.007** | 1.85 (1.23–2.77) | 0.002** |
| ALBI score | − 2.35 ± 0.06 | − 0.248 ± 0.04 | 0.084 | ||
| Number of tumors | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.3 | < 0.001*** | 1.22 (1.06–1.42) | < 0.001*** |
| Largest tumor diameter | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 0.161 | ||
| Solitary large HCC | 14 (19.4) | 30 (14.4) | 0.724 | ||
| Infiltrative type, n (%) | 60 (83.3) | 54 (39.4) | < 0.001*** | 12.5 (5.39–28.9) | < 0.001*** |
| AFP (ng/dl) | 662 ± 510 | 594 ± 370 | 0.914 | ||
| DCP (mAU/ml) | 3752 ± 1828 | 4324 ± 1311 | 0.799 | ||
| Recurrence | 48 (66.7) | 56 (40.9) | < 0.001*** | 2.55 (1.15–5.68) | 0.022* |
| TACE, n (%) | 54 (75.0) | 85 (62.0) | 0.066 | ||
| Surgical resection, n (%) | 11 (15.3) | 35 (25.6) | 0.114 | ||
| Ablation, n (%) | 7 (9.7) | 17 (12.4) | 0.653 | ||
| Prior history of TACE, n (%) | 14 (29.2) | 18 (32.1) | 0.832 | ||
Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences of means (0.01 ≤ * P < 0.05; 0.001 ≤ ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001).