Table 7.
Association between BADL, IADL, and ADL disability and incident frailty without frailty at baseline.
| Follow-up period | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | Wald, df | p-value | Model 2 HR (95%CI) | Wald, df | p-value | Model 3 HR (95%CI) | Wald, df | p-value | Model 4 HR (95%CI) | Wald, df | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 → 2013 | N = 1,101 | BADL disability | ||||||||||||
| No (1060) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | ||||||||||
| Yes (41) | 1.942 (0.794, 4.745) | 2.117, 1 | 0.146 | 1.865 (0.750, 4.639) | 1.799, 1 | 0.180 | 1.625 (0.641, 4.116) | 1.048, 1 | 0.306 | 1.632 (0.644, 4.134) | 1.065, 1 | 0.302 | ||
| N = 1,114 | IADL disability | |||||||||||||
| No (975) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | ||||||||||
| Yes (139) | 2.603 (1.563, 4.335) | 13.524, 1 | <0.001 | 2.246 (1.333, 3.786) | 9.236, 1 | 0.002 | 1.985 (1.159, 3.398) | 6.245, 1 | 0.012 | 1.971 (1.150, 3.379) | 6.094, 1 | 0.014 | ||
| N = 1,098 | ADL disability | |||||||||||||
| No (935) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | ||||||||||
| Yes (163) | 2.499 (1.533, 4.072) | 13.514, 1 | <0.001 | 2.134 (1.295, 3.517) | 8.852, 1 | 0.003 | 1.930 (1.153, 3.230) | 6.256, 1 | 0.012 | 1.920 (1.146, 3.215) | 6.149, 1 | 0.013 | ||
| 2011 → 2015 | N = 624 | BADL disability | ||||||||||||
| No (600) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | ||||||||||
| Yes (24) | 0.399 (0.053, 3.006) | 0.796, 1 | 0.372 | 0.346 (0.045, 2.628) | 1.054, 1 | 0.305 | 0.315 (0.041, 2.411) | 1.238, 1 | 0.266 | 0.318 (0.042, 2.435) | 1.216, 1 | 0.270 | ||
| N = 634 | IADL disability | |||||||||||||
| No (537) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | ||||||||||
| Yes (97) | 2.685 (1.472, 4.898) | 10.376, 1 | 0.001 | 2.498 (1.349, 4.626) | 8.473, 1 | 0.004 | 2.094 (1.109, 3.956) | 5.187, 1 | 0.023 | 2.056 (1.085, 3.895) | 4.888, 1 | 0.027 | ||
| N = 623 | ADL disability | |||||||||||||
| No (510) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | Ref (1.000) | ||||||||||
| Yes (113) | 2.111 (1.165, 3.826) | 6.068, 1 | 0.014 | 1.873 (1.018, 3.448) | 4.068, 1 | 0.044 | 1.583 (0.845, 2.963) | 2.059, 1 | 0.151 | 1.556 (0.830, 2.917) | 1.899, 1 | 0.168 |
Model 1: unadjusted.
Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status, current residence.
Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status, current residence, alcohol drinking, smoking status, taking activities, physical exercise, chronic diseases.
Model 4: adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status, current residence, alcohol drinking, smoking status, taking activities, physical exercise, chronic diseases, BMI.