FIGURE 2.

Differences in the composition of the gut microbiome before and after immunotherapy. Samples prior to immunotherapy were defined as “B.” Samples following immunotherapy were defined as “A.” (a–d) Ace, Chao, coverage and Sobs index score of the gut microbiota in patients stratified according to time point of treatment, by the Mann–Whitney U rank sum test. (e, f) At the phylum and genus level, the species composition of the gut microbiota differed between the 30 patients before and after treatment. (g, h) There were significant differences in the genus level of Faecalibacterium (p = 0.02813) and Klebsiella (p = 0.02655) before and after treatment. Faecalibacterium increased after immunotherapy, while Klebsiella decreased after treatment.*p < 0.05.