TABLE 2.
Multivariate analysis for predicting transmural remission.
| Predictive factor | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio [95% CI] | p | Odds ratio [95% CI] | p | |
| Male versus female sex | 1.671 [0.935–2987] | 0.083 | 1.376 [0.708–2.675] | 0.346 |
| Active smoker | 0.624 [0.315–1.238] | 0.177 | ||
| Age at first assessment, years | 0.996 [0.979–1.013] | 0.662 | ||
| Disease duration, years | 0.989 [0.959–1.019] | 0.454 | ||
| Time between assessments, years | 1.250 [1.088–1.437] | 0.002 | 1.321 [1.124–1.552] | 0.001 |
| Early disease | 2.034 [1.081–3.828] | 0.028 | 3.235 [1.120–9.339] | 0.030 |
| Disease location | ||||
| Ileal | Reference | |||
| Colonic | 0.624 [0.072–5.374] | 0.667 | ||
| Ileo‐colonic | 1.487 [0.828–2.688] | 0.184 | ||
| Upper gastrointestinal disease | 0.624 [0.274–1.421] | 0.261 | ||
| Perianal disease | 0.778 [0.373–1.62] | 0.503 | ||
| Disease phenotype | ||||
| Non‐stricturing non‐penetrating | Reference | |||
| Stricturing | 0.395 [0.199–0.785] | 0.008 | 0.386 [0.177–0.842] | 0.017 |
| Penetrating | 0.757 [0.357–1.605] | 0.468 | ||
| Previous surgery | 1.153 [0.588–2.262] | 0.679 | ||
| Treatment at baseline | ||||
| No treatment | Reference | |||
| Immunomodulators | 1.042 [0.554–1.959] | 0.899 | ||
| Biologics a | 0.423 [0.179–1.001] | 0.050 | 1.588 [0.432–5.829] | 0.486 |
| Fecal calprotectin assessements/year | 0.914 [0.741–1.128] | 0.404 | ||
| Number of biologics used | ||||
| 0 | Reference | |||
| 1 | 1.883 [0.901–3.932] | 0.092 | 1.632 [0.629–4.233] | 0.314 |
| 2 | 0.844 [0.267–2.673] | 0.773 | ||
| 3 | 0 | 0.999 | ||
| Use of TDM within the last year | 1.855 [1.037–3.319] | 0.037 | 1.207 [0.560–2.603] | 0.632 |
| Use of steroids within the last year | 0.612 [0.279–1.341] | 0.220 | ||
| Treatment escalation ratio ≥50% | 2.919 [1.600–5.325] | <0.001 | 3.464 [1.673–7.172] | 0.001 |
Note: Early disease was defined as disease duration <18 months without exposure to immunomodulators or biologics. Escalation ratio was defined as the proportion of treatment escalation per abnormal fecal calprotectin (≥250 μg/g). Significant predictors are highlighted in bold.
Abbreviation: TDM, therapeutic drug monitoring.
a
Including combination with immunomodulators.