Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of AFP-positive HCC patients
| Characteristics | Total (n = 2,038) n (%) |
Training set (n = 1,428) n (%) | Test set (n = 610) n (%) | χ2/t/Z | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD), years | 61.07 ± 10.11 | 61.04 ± 10.29 | 61.12 ± 9.68 | -0.151 | 0.880 |
| Sex | 2.746 | 0.098 | |||
| Male | 1,555 (76.3) | 1,075 (75.3) | 480 (78.7) | ||
| Female | 483 (23.7) | 353 (24.7) | 130 (21.3) | ||
| Race | 3.162 | 0.206 | |||
| White | 1,293 (63.4) | 892 (62.5) | 401 (65.8) | ||
| Black | 290 (14.2) | 202 (14.1) | 88 (14.4) | ||
| Others | 455 (22.3) | 334 (23.4) | 121 (19.8) | ||
| Marital status | 5.027 | 0.025 | |||
| Married | 1,179 (57.9) | 849 (59.5) | 330 (54.1) | ||
| Others | 859 (42.1) | 579 (40.5) | 280 (45.9) | ||
| Grade | 2.743 | 0.433 | |||
| I | 541 (26.5) | 368 (25.8) | 173 (28.4) | ||
| II | 1,022 (50.2) | 726 (50.8) | 296 (48.5) | ||
| III | 446 (21.9) | 311 (21.8) | 135 (22.1) | ||
| IV | 29 (1.4) | 23 (1.6) | 6 (1.0) | ||
| Tumor size (mm) | |||||
| Median (range) | 40.00 (4-850) | 40.00 (4-850) | 41.00 (6-461) | -1.052 | 0.293 |
| AJCC stage | 3.958 | 0.266 | |||
| I | 807 (39.6) | 578 (40.5) | 229 (37.5) | ||
| II | 647 (31.8) | 459 (32.1) | 188 (30.8) | ||
| III | 437 (21.4) | 294 (20.6) | 143 (23.4) | ||
| IV | 147 (7.2) | 97 (6.8) | 50 (8.2) | ||
| AJCC T stage | 4.942 | 0.176 | |||
| T1 | 843 (41.4) | 604 (42.3) | 239 (39.2) | ||
| T2 | 695 (34.1) | 490 (34.3) | 205 (33.6) | ||
| T3 | 437 (21.4) | 288 (20.2) | 149 (24.4) | ||
| T4 | 63 (3.1) | 46 (3.2) | 17 (2.8) | ||
| AJCC N stage | 0.131 | 0.718 | |||
| N0 | 1,930 (94.7) | 1,354 (94.8) | 576 (94.4) | ||
| N1 | 108 (5.3) | 74 (5.2) | 34 (5.6) | ||
| AJCC M stage | 1.259 | 0.262 | |||
| M0 | 1,891 (92.8) | 1,331 (93.2) | 560 (91.8) | ||
| M1 | 147 (7.2) | 97 (6.8) | 50 (8.2) | ||
| Surgery | 0.924 | 0.336 | |||
| Yes | 1,202 (59.0) | 852 (59.7) | 350 (57.4) | ||
| No | 836 (41.0) | 576 (40.3) | 260 (42.6) | ||
| Radiotherapy | 0.275 | 0.600 | |||
| Yes | 136 (6.7) | 98 (6.9) | 38 (6.2) | ||
| No | 1,902 (93.3) | 1,330 (93.1) | 572 (93.8) | ||
| Chemotherapy | 0.998 | 0.318 | |||
| Yes | 848 (41.6) | 584 (40.9) | 264 (43.3) | ||
| No/unknown | 1,190 (58.4) | 844 (59.1) | 346 (56.7) | ||
| SEER stage | 1.086 | 0.581 | |||
| Localized | 1,271 (62.4) | 901 (63.1) | 370 (60.7) | ||
| Regional | 616 (30.2) | 423 (29.6) | 193 (31.6) | ||
| Distant | 151 (7.4) | 104 (7.3) | 47 (7.7) | ||
| Fibrosis score | 1.646 | 0.199 | |||
| 0–4 | 530 (26.0) | 383 (26.8) | 147 (24.1) | ||
| 5–6 | 1,508 (74.0) | 1,045 (73.2) | 463 (75.9) | ||
| Insurance status | 2.415 | 0.299 | |||
| Any medicaid | 481 (23.6) | 342 (23.9) | 139 (22.8) | ||
| Insured | 1,509 (74.0) | 1,048 (73.4) | 461 (75.6) | ||
| Uninsured | 48 (2.4) | 38 (2.7) | 10 (1.6) | ||
| Median household incomea | |||||
| Median (range) | 3,904 (1597–6275) | 3,904 (1802–6275) | 3,904 (1597–6275) | -2.305 | 0.021 |
aMedian household income (in tens) in U.S. dollars
AFP alpha-fetoprotein; AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer; HCC Hepatocellular Carcinoma; SD standard deviation; SEER Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results