Table 4.

Characterization of the Cme repressor (cmeR) binding site in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli demonstrates a strong association between both genetic mechanisms predicting overexpression of the efflux pump cmeABC with a multidrug-resistant genotype and phenotype

	N	MDR genotype	MDR phenotype
Campylobacter jejuni	97	45.4% (44/97)	28.9% (28/97)
Not repressed	24	91.7% (22/24) a	50.0% (12/24) b
TGTAATAA-TATTACA	2	100% (2/2)	0% (0/2)
TGTAATAAA-ATTACA	4	100% (4/4)	100% (4/4)
TGT	1	100% (1/1)	0% (0/1)
TGTAATAAATATCACA	1	0% (0/1)	0% (0/1)
TGTAATAAATATGACA	1	100% (1/1)	100% (1/1)
TGTAATAAATATTGCA	8	87.5% (7/8)	62.5% (5/8)
TGTCA	7	100% (7/7)	28.6% (2/7)
Repressed	69	30.4% (21/69) a	20.3% (14/69) b
TGCCA	2	100% (2/2)	100% (2/2)
TGTCA	11	0% (0/11)	18.2% (2/11)
TGTCA (c)	45	20.0% (9/45)	17.8% (8/45)
TGT	11	90.9% (10/11)	18.2% (2/11)
Undetermined	4	25.0% (1/4)	50.0% (2/4)
Campylobacter coli	67	67.2% (45/67)	52.2% (35/67)
Not repressed	14	92.9% (13/14) d	85.7% (12/14) e
No CmeR binding site	10	100% (10/10)	90.0% (9/10)
TGTAATAAATATTGCA	4	75.0% (3/4)	75.0% (3/4)
Repressed	51	58.8% (30/51) d	41.2% (21/51) e
TGCCA	14	57.1% (8/14)	50.0% (7/14)
TGCCA	10	90.0% (9/10)	90.0% (9/10)
TGTCA	2	0% (0/2)	0% (0/2)
TGTCA (c)	25	52.0% (13/25)	20.0% (5/25)
Undetermined	2	50.0% (1/2)	50.0% (1/2)

^aRelationship between the cmeR function and a MDR genotype among Campylobacter jejuni isolates (X² (1, N = 97) = 26.9, P < 0.001).

^bRelationship between the cmeR function and a MDR phenotype among Campylobacter jejuni isolates (X² (1, N = 97) = 7.8, P = 0.005).

^cWild type, conserved inverted repeat region.

^dRelationship between the cmeR function and a MDR genotype among Campylobacter coli isolates (X² (1, N = 67) = 5.68, P = 0.017).

^eRelationship between the cmeR function an MDR phenotype among Campylobacter coli isolates (X² (1, N = 67) = 8.72, P = 0.003).