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. 2024 May 14;21(5):e1004364. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004364

Table 1. Average excess deaths, death ratio, and deaths per 10 million residents associated with heatwaves per warm season during 1990–2019 by continent and region.

Excess deaths (eCIs) Excess death ratio% (eCIs) Excess deaths per 10 million residents (eCIs)
Cases Proportion%
Global 153,078 (109,950 to 194,227) 100 0.94 (0.68 to 1.19) 236 (170 to 300)
Americas 8,227 (4,093 to 12,240) 5.37 0.44 (0.22 to 0.65) 94 (47 to 139)
North America 4,823 (2,785 to 6,827) 3.15 0.58 (0.33 to 0.82) 147 (85 to 208)
Latin American and Caribbean 3,405 (1,311 to 5,452) 2.22 0.33 (0.13 to 0.52) 62 (24 to 99)
Europe 48,318 (41,907 to 54,526) 31.56 1.96 (1.70 to 2.21) 655 (568 to 739)
Northern Europe 3,960 (3,278 to 4,567) 2.59 1.35 (1.12 to 1.56) 407 (337 to 469)
Southern Europe 10,170 (8,945 to 11,269) 6.64 2.32 (2.04 to 2.57) 668 (588 to 741)
Western Europe 9,478 (8,250 to 10,599) 6.19 1.75 (1.52 to 1.95) 507 (441 to 567)
Eastern Europe 24,709 (21,153 to 28,101) 16.14 2.08 (1.78 to 2.36) 820 (702 to 933)
Africa 21,160 (12,125 to 29,557) 13.82 0.69 (0.39 to 0.96) 229 (131 to 320)
Northern Africa 4,539 (3,156 to 5,798) 2.97 1.20 (0.83 to 1.53) 239 (166 to 305)
Sub-Saharan Africa 16,622 (8,969 to 23,782) 10.86 0.62 (0.33 to 0.88) 227 (122 to 324)
Asia 74,939 (51,261 to 97,419) 48.95 0.85 (0.58 to 1.11) 192 (131 to 249)
Central Asia 1,260 (810 to 1,675) 0.82 0.94 (0.60 to 1.24) 217 (140 to 289)
Southern Asia 40,731 (28,869 to 52,207) 26.61 1.06 (0.75 to 1.36) 257 (182 to 330)
Western Asia 3,161 (2,151 to 4,064) 2.06 0.90 (0.61 to 1.16) 151 (103 to 194)
Eastern Asia 24,080 (15,892 to 31,270) 15.73 0.75 (0.49 to 0.97) 161 (106 to 209)
South-eastern Asia 5,708 (3,141 to 8,092) 3.73 0.46 (0.25 to 0.65) 101 (55 to 143)
Oceania 433 (−68 to 933) 0.28 0.61 (−0.10 to 1.32) 133 (−21 to 286)
Australia and New Zealand 342 (−62 to 749) 0.22 0.67 (−0.12 to 1.46) 137 (−25 to 300)
Other regions in Oceania* 91 (8 to 182) 0.06 0.46 (0.04 to 0.93) 118 (10 to 237)

*Other regions in Oceania are defined as all areas outside of Australia and New Zealand in Oceania. All other regions in the table are defined according to the UN Statistics Division (M49) regional groupings.

eCIs, empirical CIs.