TABLE 3.

Area Under the Curve of Biomarker Combinations Selected by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Regression for Primary and Secondary Endpoints

Primary Endpoint	Biomarkersa	Area Under the Curve (95% CI)
Sepsis within 96 hr	Procalcitonin	0.86 (0.79–0.93)

Secondary Endpoints	Biomarkersa	Area Under the Curve (95% CI)
Septic shock within 96 hr	Procalcitonin, proADM	0.86 (0.67–0.93)
28-d mortality	proADM, bioADM, dipeptidyl peptidase 3	0.74 (0.57–0.91)
Hospital mortality	proADM	0.75 (0.56–0.93)
ICU admission	proADM, bioADM	0.68 (0.57–0.79)
Vasopressors	Procalcitonin, proADM	0.77 (0.62–0.93)
Ventilation	Procalcitonin, proADM, bioADM	0.66 (0.50–0.82)
Dialysis	penKid	0.82 (0.59–1.00)
Acute kidney failure	proADM, penKid	0.88 (0.80–0.95)
Oliguria	proADM	0.84 (0.68–1.00)
Length of hospital stay	proADM, bioADM	0.02b
Length of ICU stay	Procalcitonin, proADM, bioADM	0.07b

bioADM = bioavailable adrenomedullin, penKid = proenkephalin, proADM = proadrenomedullin.

^aPredictive biomarkers after variable selection in least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression.

^bCoefficient of determination in the linear LASSO regression model.