TABLE 1.
Toxicology Results Among Outpatients Seen for Routine Care in an Academic Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts and Affiliated Primary Care Practices
| Feb to July Period, Year | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total samples tested | 1077 | 1326 | 1719 | 3012 | 4812 | 5357 |
| BZE positive, n (%) | 161 (14.9) | 175 (13.2) | 249 (14.5) | 501 (16.6) | 821 (17.1) | 914 (17.1) |
| COC positive, n (%) | 191 (17.7) | 212 (16.0) | 321 (18.7) | 614 (20.4) | 1139 (23.7) | 1093 (20.4)† |
| BZE or COC positive, n (%) | 212 (19.7) | 245 (18.5) | 350 (20.4) | 679 (22.5) | 1198 (24.9) | 1184 (22.1)† |
| Fentanyl positive, n (%) | TNP | TNP | TNP | 282* (9.4) | 665 (13.8) | 839 (15.7) |
| 6-MAM positive, n (%) | 102 (9.5) | 148 (11.2) | 119 (6.9) | 129 (4.3) | 130 (2.7) | 150 (2.8) |
| Methamphetamine positive, n (%) | 10 (0.9) | 13 (1.0) | 20 (1.2) | 79 (2.6) | 106 (2.2) | 272 (5.1) |
| Methamphetamine and BZE or COC positive, n (%) | 1 (0.001) | 3 (0.002) | 6 (0.003) | 34 (0.011) | 48 (0.010) | 119 (0.021) |
| Methamphetamine and fentanyl positive, n (%) | TNP | TNP | TNP | TNP | 31 (0.006) | 67 (0.013) |
| Methamphetamine and 6-MAM positive, n (%) | 1 (0.001) | 1 (0.0008) | 3 (0.002) | 9 (0.003) | 5 (0.001) | 7 (0.001) |
*
Fentanyl testing started 3/6/17.
†
COC cutoff was 2.0 ng/ml until 2019 when it was changed to 4.0 ng/ml.
6-MAM, 6-monoacetylmorphine; BZE, Benzoylecgonine; COC, Cocaine; TNP, test not performed.