Table 3. Delivery outcomes.
| Control | Positive incentive | Loss aversion | Overall p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c at delivery | 5.8 (0.17) a | 6.0 (0.18) b | 5.8 (0.15) a | 0.587 |
| Average change in HbA1c from first obstetrician visit | −1.5 (0.29) c | −1.7 (0.39) d | −1.1 (0.23) e | 0.270 f |
| Gestational age at delivery (wk) | 37 (0.36) | 37 (0.37) | 37 (0.65) g | 0.559 |
| Preeclampsia | 11 (30%) | 10 (26%) | 8 (20%) | 0.573 |
| Gestational hypertension | 4 (11%) | 6 (15%) | 4 (10%) | – |
| Cesarean delivery | 25 (68%) | 22 (56%) | 22 (55%) h | 0.475 |
| Neonatal hypoglycemia | 19 (54%) g | 24 (63%) h | 30 (75%) h | 0.169 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3,349 (145) h | 3,301 (130) | 3,249 (168) h | 0.895 |
| Large for gestational age neonate | 10 (28%) h | 8 (21%) | 10 (25%) h | 0.759 |
Note: Data are expressed as mean (standard error) or n (%).
p -Values for analysis of variance for continuous outcomes and for Chi-square for categorical outcomes.
a
Missing data for nine participants.
b
Missing data for four participants.
c
Missing data for ten participants.
d
Missing data for five participants.
e
Missing data for 11 participants.
f
p -Value for Welch's test as variable violated assumption of homogeneity of variance.
g
Missing data for two participants.
h
Missing data for one participant.