Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Participants
| Characteristic | Overall | Serial Swabbing (Substudy 1) | Copan Versus Steripack (Substudy 2) | Shortened Swab Time (Substudy 3) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total with valid quantitative polymerase chain reaction result | 378 | 97 | 133 | 148 | |
| Sex at birth | Male | 215 (56.9%) | 53 (54.6%) | 79 (59.4%) | 83 (56.1%) |
| Female | 163 (43.1%) | 44 (45.4%) | 54 (40.6%) | 65 (43.9%) | |
| Median age (interquartile range), y | 33 (26–43) | 32 (26–42) | 36 (28–43) | 32 (25–42) | |
| People living with human immunodeficiency virus | 89 (23.5%) | 22 (22.7%) | 35 (26.3%) | 32 (21.6%) | |
| Prior TB | 55 (14.6%) | 19 (19.6%) | 16 (12.0%) | 20 (13.5%) | |
| Xpert Ultra sputum result | TB negative | 262 (69.3%) | 64 (66.0%) | 90 (67.7%) | 108 (73.0%) |
| TB positive | 113 (30.0%) | 32 (33.0%) | 41 (30.8%) | 40 (27.0%) | |
| Trace | 3 (0.7%) | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (1.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Xpert semiquantitative grade | Trace | 3 (0.7%) | 1 (1.0%) | 2 (1.5%) | 0 (0%) |
| Very low | 5 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.3%) | 2 (1.4%) | |
| Low | 36 (9.5%) | 6 (6.2%0 | 9 (6.8%) | 11 (7.4%) | |
| Medium | 33 (8.7%) | 12 (12.4%) | 11 (8.3%) | 10 (6.8%) | |
| High | 49 (13.0%) | 14 (14.4%) | 18 (13.5%) | 17 (11.5%) | |
| Microbiologic reference standard | TB Negative | 233 (61.6%) | 62 (63.9%) | 74 (55.6%) | 97 (65.5%) |
| TB Positive | 121 (32.0%) | 33 (34.0%) | 46 (34.6%) | 42 (28.4%) | |
| Indeterminate | 24 (6.3%) | 2 (2.1%) | 13 (9.7%) | 9 (6.1%) |
Abbreviation: TB, tuberculosis.