Table 3.
OPE urine metabolite concentrations adjusted for specific gravity (SG) (ng/mL) by industry (2015-2017)*.
| Pre-Shift Concentration (ng/mL) | Post-Shift Concentration (ng/mL) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||
| Analyte | Industry | N | % > LOD† | GM (GSD) | Multiple Comparisons‡ | N | % > LOD† | GM (GSD) | Multiple Comparisons‡ | P-value#(Pre vs Post) |
| DPhP | Overall | 102 | 93 | 1.84 (3.14) | 102 | 99 | 3.07 (3.19) | |||
| Chemical Mfg. (C) | 10 | 100 | 17.4 (2.20) | 10 | 100 | 27.3 (2.06) | 0.183 | |||
| Roofing (R) | 9 | 100 | 2.64 (1.86) | C-R | 10 | 100 | 6.07 (1.97) | C-R | 0.020 | |
| Gymnastics (G) | 9 | 100 | 2.43 (1.25) | C-G | 9 | 100 | 2.66 (1.87) | C-G | 0.614 | |
| Electronic Scrap (E) | 19 | 95 | 1.40 (2.72) | C-E | 19 | 100 | 1.96 (1.85) | C-E, R-E, F-E | 0.046 | |
| Spray Poly. (S) | 29 | 97 | 1.32 (2.38) | C-S | 29 | 97 | 2.04 (2.07) | C-S, R-S, F-S | 0.010 | |
| Foam Mfg. (F) | 11 | 91 | 1.28 (3.35) | C-F | 10 | 100 | 5.16 (4.22) | C-F | 0.023 | |
| Nail Salon (N) | 12 | 75 | 1.03 (1.90) | C-N | 12 | 100 | 1.70 (2.15) | C-N, R-N, F-N | 0.010 | |
| Rigid Board (B) | 3 | 67 | 0.86 (2.16) | C-B | 3 | 100 | 0.57 (1.47) | C-B, R-B, F-B | 0.372 | |
|
| ||||||||||
| BDCPP | Overall | 103 | 96 | 3.45 (3.51) | 103 | 97 | 3.83 (4.19) | |||
| Chemical Mfg. | 10 | 100 | 19.9 (2.63) | 10 | 100 | 25.5 (3.03) | 0.471 | |||
| Roofing | 10 | 100 | 7.61 (1.85) | 10 | 100 | 10.9 (2.03) | 0.076 | |||
| Spray Poly. | 29 | 100 | 4.63 (2.56) | C-S | 29 | 100 | 6.08 (2.52) | C-S | 0.043 | |
| Gymnastics | 9 | 100 | 4.61 (1.78) | C-G | 9 | 100 | 5.28 (2.27) | C-G | 0.580 | |
| Electronic Scrap | 19 | 95 | 2.06 (3.21) | C-E, R-E | 19 | 100 | 2.22 (3.11) | C-E, R-E, S-E | 0.591 | |
| Foam Mfg. | 11 | 100 | 2.00 (2.14) | C-F, R-F | 11 | 100 | 2.29 (1.91) | C-F, R-F | 0.417 | |
| Rigid Board | 3 | 67 | 1.25 (3.82) | C-B | 3 | 67 | 0.55 (4.64) | C-B, R-B, S-B, G-B | 0.020 | |
| Nail Salon | 12 | 83 | 0.78 (2.58) | C-N, R-N, S-N, G-N | 12 | 83 | 0.52 (2.71) | C-N, R-N, S-N, G-N, F-N, E-N | 0.007 | |
|
| ||||||||||
| BCPP | Overall | 103 | 89 | 1.69 (8.51) | 103 | 91 | 3.04 (12.7) | |||
| Spray Poly. | 29 | 100 | 28.9 (4.49) | 29 | 100 | 76.4 (4.05) | <0.001 | |||
| Chemical Mfg. | 10 | 100 | 2.65 (1.94) | S-C | 10 | 100 | 4.28 (3.34) | S-C | 0.190 | |
| Roofing | 10 | 100 | 1.00 (1.72) | S-R | 10 | 100 | 4.42 (1.75) | S-R | <0.001 | |
| Foam Mfg. | 11 | 100 | 0.73 (2.02) | S-F | 11 | 100 | 4.03 (2.32) | S-F | <0.001 | |
| Electronic Scrap | 19 | 74 | 0.34 (2.55) | S-E, C-E | 19 | 89 | 0.33 (2.54) | S-E, R-E, C-E, F-E | 0.784 | |
| Gymnastics | 9 | 100 | 0.32 (2.05) | S-G, C-G | 9 | 78 | 0.28 (1.74) | S-G, R-G, C-G, F-G | 0.626 | |
| Nail Salon | 12 | 58 | 0.28 (1.71) | S-N, C-N | 12 | 67 | 0.23 (1.78) | S-N, R-N, C-N, F-N | 0.246 | |
| Rigid Board | 3 | 67 | 0.26 (1.39) | S-B, C-B | 3 | 67 | 0.14 (1.60) | S-B, R-B, C-B, F-B | 0.242 | |
|
| ||||||||||
| DBuP | Overall | 103 | 88 | 0.31 (3.72) | 103 | 93 | 0.45 (4.57) | |||
| Chemical Mfg. | 10 | 100 | 2.31 (2.65) | 10 | 100 | 5.91 (2.40) | 0.013 | |||
| Rigid Board | 3 | 100 | 0.44 (1.60) | 3 | 100 | 0.29 (1.27) | C-B | 0.369 | ||
| Gymnastics | 9 | 100 | 0.40 (2.35) | C-G | 9 | 100 | 0.38 (1.55) | C-G | 0.762 | |
| Foam Mfg. | 11 | 91 | 0.35 (3.17) | C-F | 11 | 100 | 0.47 (1.84) | C-F | 0.453 | |
| Roofing | 10 | 100 | 0.31 (2.00) | C-R | 10 | 100 | 0.42 (1.51) | C-R | 0.086 | |
| Spray Poly. | 29 | 86 | 0.24 (4.51) | C-S | 29 | 86 | 0.52 (6.27) | C-S | 0.002 | |
| Nail Salon | 12 | 75 | 0.21 (2.12) | C-N | 12 | 92 | 0.21 (2.28) | C-N | 0.990 | |
| Electronic Scrap | 19 | 79 | 0.15 (2.73) | C-E | 19 | 89 | 0.18 (3.55) | C-E | 0.562 | |
|
| ||||||||||
| BCEtP | Overall | 103 | 95 | 0.72 (2.62) | 103 | 96 | 0.75 (2.85) | |||
| Roofing | 10 | 100 | 1.16 (2.14) | 10 | 100 | 1.05 (1.97) | 0.649 | |||
| Gymnastics | 9 | 100 | 0.97 (1.82) | 9 | 100 | 0.68 (2.09) | 0.016 | |||
| Electronic Scrap | 19 | 95 | 0.80 (2.58) | 19 | 100 | 1.02 (2.07) | 0.170 | |||
| Spray Poly. | 29 | 90 | 0.79 (3.08) | 29 | 93 | 1.01 (3.26) | 0.272 | |||
| Rigid Board | 3 | 100 | 0.77 (3.15) | 3 | 100 | 0.36 (3.01) | 0.390 | |||
| Foam Mfg. | 11 | 100 | 0.56 (2.77) | 11 | 91 | 0.53 (5.39) | 0.891 | |||
| Nail Salon | 12 | 92 | 0.51 (2.13) | 12 | 92 | 0.46 (2.10) | 0.442 | |||
| Chemical Mfg. | 10 | 100 | 0.44 (2.47) | 10 | 100 | 0.48 (2.13) | 0.766 | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| DpCP | Overall | 103 | 31 | 0.08 (3.84) | 103 | 27 | 0.08 (4.59) | |||
| Chemical Mfg. | 10 | 100 | 2.89 (3.11) | 10 | 100 | 4.74 (3.32) | 0.185 | |||
| Roofing | 10 | 60 | 0.07 (2.27) | C-R | 10 | 60 | 0.08 (2.57) | C-R | 0.225 | |
| Electronic Scrap | 19 | 16 | 0.05 (2.00) | C-E | 19 | 11 | 0.04 (1.61) | C-E | 0.047 | |
| Spray Poly. | 29 | 31 | 0.05 (1.52) | C-S | 29 | 21 | 0.05 (1.75) | C-S | 0.481 | |
| Gymnastics | 9 | 33 | 0.05 (1.44) | C-G | 9 | 33 | 0.07 (1.93) | C-G | 0.278 | |
| Foam Mfg. | 11 | 9 | 0.04 | 11 | 9 | 0.04 | - | |||
| Rigid Board | 3 | 0 | - | 3 | 0 | - | - | |||
| Nail Salon | 12 | 0 | - | 12 | 0 | - | - | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| TBBA | Overall | 103 | 10 | 0.05 (2.08) | 103 | 17 | 0.05 (2.39) | |||
| Spray Poly. | 29 | 24 | 0.07 (2.66) | 29 | 38 | 0.09 (3.49) | 0.078 | |||
| Electronic Scrap | 19 | 5 | 0.05 | 19 | 5 | 0.04 | ||||
| Gymnastics | 9 | 11 | 0.04 | 9 | 44 | 0.07 (1.92) | ||||
| Roofing | 10 | 10 | 0.03 | 10 | 10 | 0.03 | ||||
| Chemical Mfg. | 10 | 0 | - | 10 | 0 | - | ||||
| Foam Mfg. | 11 | 0 | - | 11 | 9 | 0.04 | ||||
| Rigid Board | 3 | 0 | - | 3 | 0 | - | ||||
| Nail Salon | 12 | 0 | - | 12 | 0 | - | ||||
Analytes DBzP and DoCP not listed due to all samples being below limit of detection.
Limit of detection (LOD) for each analyte in ng/mL: DPhP=0.16, BDCPP=0.11, BCPP=0.10, DBuP=0.05, BCEtP=0.08, DpCP=0.05, TBBA=0.05, DBzP=0.05, DoCP=0.05.
Only significant differences in means of log-concentrations are listed.
A one-sample Student’s t-test was utilized to examine differences of logarithm urine pre- and post-shift concentrations.
The abbreviations in the Multiple Comparisons are: Chemical Manufacturing (C), Electronic Scrap (E), Foam Manufacturing (F), Gymnastics (G), Nail Salon (N), Rigid Board Installation (B), Roofing (R), and Spray Polyurethane (S). If the means of log-concentrations for two industries were significantly different, the comparison of the two industries would be presented in the table. For example, “C-E” means that the mean of log-concentrations for chemical manufacturing was significantly different from electronic scrap.