TABLE 1.
Effect of mutations on Vpr functionse
| Designation of Vpr | Virion incorporationa | Stabilityb | Subcellular localizationc | Oligomerizationd |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vpr-FL | + | + | N | + |
| VprΔ44-FL | − | + | N | − |
| VprΔ42-46-FL | − | + | N | − |
| VprΔ40-48-FL | − | + | N | − |
| VprΔ37-50-FL | − | + | N | − |
| VprΔ37-50-H-FL | − | + | N + C | − |
| VprR36W-FL | + | + | N + C | ND |
| VprI37G-FL | + | + | N | ND |
| VprW38S-FL | − | Reduced | N (diffuse) | ND |
| VprW38A-FL | + | + | N (diffuse) | ND |
| VprL39G-FL | − | + | N + C | − |
| VprH40W-FL | + | + | N | ND |
| VprN41P-FL | +/− | + | ND | ND |
| VprL42G-FL | − | Reduced | N | − |
| VprG43A-FL | + | + | N | ND |
| VprG43P-FL | − | + | ND | − |
| VprH45W-FL | + | Reduced | N (diffuse) | ND |
| VprI46G-FL | − | + | N + C | − |
a
Virion incorporation was carried out using cotransfection of NLΔVpr and Vpr expression plasmids.
b
Stability of the protein was determined using recombinant vaccinia virus expressing T7 polymerase.
c
FITC-conjugated Flag antibodies were used for subcellular localization studies.
d
Incorporation of mutant Vpr-FL in association with wild-type Vpr was assessed in the virus particles.
e
+, positive; −, negative; +/−, intermediate; N, nuclear; C, cytoplasmic; ND, not done.