Table 2.
Infant and maternal characteristics by status of severely underweight at 30 days of age.
| Severely underweight at 30 days of age | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | No vs yes p-value | ||
| Number (%) | 20 (19.6) | 82 (80.4) | ||
| Site, n (%) | Guinea-Bissau | 7 (14.6) | 41 (85.4) | 0.228 |
| Uganda | 13 (24.1) | 41 (75.9) | ||
| Infant characteristics | ||||
| Infant’s sex, n (%) | Male | 9 (17.0) | 44 (83.0) | 0.487 |
| Female | 11 (22.4) | 38 (77.6) | ||
| Method of delivery, n (%) | Vaginal | 15 (19.5) | 62 (80.5) | 1.000 |
| Cesarean | 5 (20.0) | 20 (80.0) | ||
| Infant’s weight at birth in grams, mean (SD) | 1890 (89) | 1730 (145) | < 0.001 | |
| Percent of birth weight lost at weight nadir, mean (SD) | -5.43 (2.83) | -8.93 (4.46) | < 0.001 | |
| Infant’s length at birth in cm, mean (SD) | 42.55 (1.87) | 40.88 (2.06) | 0.001 | |
| Infant’s mid-upper arm circumference at birth in cm, mean (SD) | 8.47 (0.72) | 8.26 (1.07) | 0.409 | |
| Adverse events through day 30, n (%) | Any | 10 (30.3) | 23 (69.7) | 0.060 |
| None | 10 (14.5) | 59 (85.5) | ||
| Maternal characteristics | ||||
| Mother’s age in years, mean (SD) | 23.75 (5.64) | 26.33 (6.48) | 0.107 | |
| Mother’s education in years, mean (SD) | 9.65 (2.54) | 8.83 (4.11) | 0.264 | |
| Mother’s marital status, n (%) | Married | 15 (19.7) | 61 (80.3) | 1.000 |
| Not married | 5 (20.0) | 20 (80.0) | ||
n, number; %, percent; SD, standard deviation.
* Male infants < 2900 g and female infants < 2700 g at 30 days of age were defined as severely underweight in alignment with World Health Organization Child Growth Standards.
Bolded p-values are statistically significant.