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. 2024 May 1;12:1391841. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1391841

Table 4.

Loneliness measure by year, meal, and living alone.

Meal Year Live alone Live with another
Home-delivered meals 2019 5.26 (41.9%) 4.69
(31.9%)
2021 5.15
(41.8%)
4.90
(31.9%)
Congregate meals 2019 4.22
(20.3%)
3.90
(13.8%)
2021 4.96
(35.3%)
4.09
(13.1%)
Total 4.90
(35.6%)
4.40
(23.4%)

UCLA scores range from 3 to 9 with higher numbers indicating higher levels of loneliness. Percent identifying as lonely are in parentheses.