Figure 2.

The effect of PRS-IQ deciles on ASD risk and cognitive ability. The estimate and 95% CI of each PRS-IQ decile on ASD risk and cognitive ability. Each regression accounted for the individual-level burden of deletions (∑DEL_pLI), duplications (∑DUP_pLI), and – when available – cognitive ability of individuals included in the model. (A) Even after adjusting for the effects of cognitive ability, a high PRS-IQ (10th decile) increases the risk for ASD, while a low PRS-IQ (1st, 2nd deciles) decreases the risk for ASD. (B) A PRS-IQ below and above the 6th decile significantly decreases and increases cognitive ability in the general population, respectively. The effect of PRS-IQ on cognitive ability is the same in cases with ASD and in the general population (extrafamilial controls). Filled-in points represent statistically significant terms (P value ≤ 0.05 following FDR adjustment for multiple corrections). Error bars represent the 95% CIs. For detailed model results, see Supplementary Table S3 . See Supplementary Figure S8 and Supplementary Table S3 for the results across other analysis groups.