Table 3. Adverse Events by Treatment and History of MI or Stroke vs No MI or Stroke.
| Adverse event | Patients with prior MI or stroke (n = 1455) | Patients without prior MI or stroke (n = 12 068) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorthalidone (n = 733) | Hydrochlorothiazide (n = 722) | P value | Chlorthalidone (n = 6023) | Hydrochlorothiazide (n = 6045) | P value | |
| Serious adverse events | ||||||
| Any | 280 (38.2) | 293 (40.6) | .36 | 1710 (28.4) | 1684 (27.9) | .52 |
| All-cause mortality | 65 (8.9) | 88 (12.2) | .04 | 381 (6.3) | 360 (6.0) | .40 |
| Any hospitalization | 260 (35.5) | 271 (37.5) | .41 | 1565 (26.0) | 1555 (25.7) | .76 |
| Expected adverse events | ||||||
| Any | 166 (22.7) | 172 (23.8) | .62 | 1231 (20.4) | 1057 (17.5) | <.001 |
| New allergic reaction to thiazide-type diuretic | 5 (0.7) | 4 (0.6) | >.99 | 104 (1.7) | 17 (0.3) | <.001 |
| Hospitalization for acute kidney injury | 80 (10.9) | 95 (13.2) | .20 | 415 (6.9) | 417 (6.9) | >.99 |
| Hyponatremia | ||||||
| Any | 52 (7.1) | 53 (7.3) | .92 | 314 (5.2) | 209 (5.1) | .81 |
| Primary cause of hospitalization | 25 (3.4) | 22 (3.1) | .77 | 162 (2.7) | 175 (2.9) | .51 |
| Sodium level <130 mEq/L | 37 (5.1) | 36 (5.0) | >.99 | 191 (3.2) | 160 (2.7) | .09 |
| Hypokalemia | ||||||
| Any | 50 (6.8) | 45 (6.2) | .67 | 356 (5.9) | 253 (4.2) | <.001 |
| Primary cause of hospitalization | 14 (1.9) | 16 (2.2) | .72 | 84 (1.4) | 57 (0.9) | .02 |
| Potassium level <3.1 mEq/L | ||||||
| All | 43 (5.9) | 37 (5.1) | .57 | 292 (4.9) | 206 (3.4) | <.001 |
| Received potassium supplementation | 25 (3.4) | 25 (3.5) | >.99 | 203 (3.4) | 137 (2.3) | <.001 |
| Potassium level 3.1-3.5 mEq/L | ||||||
| All | 277 (37.8) | 206 (28.5) | <.001 | 1845 (30.6) | 1592 (26.3) | <.001 |
| Received potassium supplementation | 123 (16.8) | 86 (11.9) | .01 | 732 (12.2) | 621 (10.3) | .001 |
Abbreviation: MI, myocardial infarction.
SI conversion factors: To convert potassium and sodium level to millimoles per liter, multiply by 1.0.