Table 3.

In vitro CYP3A4 inhibition by phytochemicals of T. crispa and T. sinensis.

Plant Source	Test sample	CYP 3A4 Inhibition - IC50 (μg/mL)
T. crispa	Methanolic extract	5.90 ± 1.22
T. crispa	Borapetoside B	100.0 ± 0.00
T. crispa	Borapetoside C	37.50 ± 12.27
T. crispa	Borapetoside F	13.00 ± 0.82
T. crispa	(2R, 5R,6R,8R,9S,10S, 12S) –15,16-epoxy-2-hydroxy-6-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl) -cleroda-3,13(16), 14-trien-17,12-olid-18-oic acid methyl ester	29.00 ± 0.82
T. crispa	N-trans-feruloyl tyramine	2.70 ± 0.08
T.crispa	Palmatine	34.00 ± 0.00
T. sinensis	Methanolic extract	8.90 ± 0.73
T. sinensis	Tinosineside A	45.00 ± 5.72
T. sinensis	Tinosinen	>100
	Berberine	0.72 ± 0.17
	Jatrorrhizine	9.50 ± 2.29
	Magnoflorine	36.00 ± 3.27
Positive control	Ketoconazole	0.03 ± 0.01