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. 2024 Apr 30;13(1):2350167. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2350167

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© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 4. — Simultaneous detection of HBV and HDV infection in vitro. (A) The HepG2-NTCP infectious cell culture model was characterized by flow cytometry and confocal imaging and the cells were used for HDV or HBV mono-infection and HBV&HDV co-infection, respectively. Representative images for immunofluorescence (IF) of HBcAg for the mock control (B, top), HBV single infection (B, middle), HDV single (B, down) and HBV-HDV coinfection (C) by detecting HBcAg and HDAg, respectively. Quantification of HBeAg levels (D) by ELISA and HBV DNA (E) and HDV RNA (F) copy numbers by (RT-)qPCR in the supernatants at the indicated timepoints. The data are shown as mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments.