Table 1.
Blood and CSF Biomarkers Levels in the Study Population
| Biomarkers | Median (Q1–Q3) (n = 184) |
|---|---|
| Plasma biomarkers | |
| Oxidative stress | |
| 8-oxo-dG, ng/mL | 134.2 (95.9–199.7) |
| Amyloid metabolism | |
| Aβ42, pg/mL | 37.6 (15.3–74.4) |
| Inflammation and immune activation | |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 1.29 (0.87–1.82) |
| sTNFR-II, pg/mL | 6126 (4506–8429) |
| CCL2, pg/mL | 158.5 (131.4–193.4) |
| Neopterin, nmol/mL | 9.0 (7.0–12.2) |
| sCD14, ng/mL | 1092359 (478158–1522954) |
| sCD40L, pg/mL | 1113 (393–2343) |
| CSF biomarkers | |
| Oxidative stress | |
| 8-oxo-dG, ng/mL | 12.8 (10.1–22.5) |
| Amyloid metabolism | |
| Aβ42, pg/mL | 1270.4 (433.9–2027.0) |
| Inflammation and immune activation | |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 1.16 (0.91–1.56) |
| sTNFR-II, pg/mL | 515.5 (393.4–856.4) |
| CCL2, pg/mL | 423.5 (338.8–528.3) |
| Neopterin, nmol/mL | 8.2 (6.8–10.9) |
| sCD14, ng/mL | 84892 (49317–121334) |
| NFL, pg/mL | 1236.7 (881.1–1687.1) |
| Neuronal injury | |
| Tau, pg/mL | 193.2 (106.2–417.6) |
The immunoassays used were Meso Scale Discovery (IL-6, sTNFR-II, CCL2, Aβ42, Tau); R&D Systems (sCD14); ALPCO (neopterin); Millipore Sigma (sCD40L); Trevigen (8-oxo-dG); and UmanDiagnostics (NFL).
Abbreviations: 8-oxo-dG, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine; Aβ42, fragment 1–42 of β amyloid; CCL2, chemokine C-C motif ligand 2; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; IL-6, interleukin 6; NFL, neurofilament light chain; Q, quartile; sCD14, soluble cluster of differentiation 14; sCD40L, soluble ligand of cluster of differentiation 40; sTNFR-II, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type II; tau, total tau protein.