Table 1. Demographic characteristics overall and by school year for the enrollment population of public school students with valid Fitnessgram body mass index measurements in grades K-8, New York City, 2011–12 to 2019–20.
| Characteristic | School Year, % | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011–12 | 2012–13 | 2013–14 | 2014–15 | 2015–16 | 2016–17 | 2017–18 | 2018–19 | 2019–20 | |
| Total observations, % (n) | 100.0 (626,821) | 100.0 (619,611) | 100.0 (627,506) | 100.0 (618,754) | 100.0 (618,506) | 100.0 (608,113) | 100.0 (603,485) | 100.0 (593,612) | 100.0 (337,650) |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Female | 48.96 | 49.03 | 49.03 | 49.03 | 48.95 | 48.91 | 48.89 | 48.8 | 49.07 |
| Male | 51.04 | 50.97 | 50.97 | 50.97 | 51.05 | 51.09 | 51.11 | 51.2 | 50.93 |
| Race/ethnicity a | |||||||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 16.16 | 16.62 | 16.93 | 17.33 | 17.72 | 18.23 | 18.63 | 18.85 | 21.5 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 25.98 | 24.95 | 23.88 | 22.78 | 21.99 | 21.18 | 20.6 | 20.01 | 17.21 |
| Hispanic | 41.05 | 41.2 | 41.47 | 41.78 | 41.62 | 41.49 | 41.55 | 41.47 | 40.51 |
| Non-Hispanic White | 15.77 | 15.98 | 16.26 | 16.47 | 16.79 | 17.02 | 16.92 | 17.16 | 18.09 |
| Grade type | |||||||||
| K-5 | 68.25 | 68.43 | 68.7 | 68.8 | 69.17 | 68.77 | 68.25 | 67.48 | 68.77 |
| 6–8 | 31.75 | 31.57 | 31.3 | 31.2 | 30.83 | 31.23 | 31.75 | 32.52 | 31.23 |
| Home-neighborhood SES b | |||||||||
| Very-wealthy (<10%) | 20.48 | 20.67 | 21.01 | 21.32 | 21.63 | 22.05 | 22.29 | 22.84 | 24.09 |
| Wealthy (10% to <20%) | 27.17 | 27.15 | 27.16 | 27.3 | 27.56 | 27.75 | 28.05 | 28.13 | 29.53 |
| Poor (20% to <30%) | 24.39 | 24.22 | 24.15 | 23.98 | 23.93 | 23.74 | 23.54 | 23.32 | 22.87 |
| Very-poor (≥30%) | 27.93 | 27.93 | 27.65 | 27.36 | 26.85 | 26.42 | 26.07 | 25.67 | 23.49 |
| Place-of-birth | |||||||||
| US-born | 87.26 | 87.56 | 87.36 | 87.16 | 86.85 | 85.99 | 85.48 | 85.11 | 84.64 |
| Foreign-born | 12.7 | 12.39 | 12.59 | 12.78 | 13.08 | 13.95 | 14.46 | 14.82 | 15.29 |
| Language spoken at home | |||||||||
| English | 58.37 | 58.28 | 58.23 | 57.93 | 58.08 | 57.98 | 58.01 | 58.47 | 56.98 |
| Spanish | 24.02 | 23.82 | 23.63 | 23.65 | 23.19 | 22.9 | 22.66 | 22.26 | 21.91 |
| Other | 17.61 | 17.9 | 18.14 | 18.42 | 18.73 | 19.12 | 19.33 | 19.27 | 21.11 |
Abbreviation: SES, socioeconomic status.
a Students not reporting Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, or Asian/Pacific Islander race/ethnicity in a school year are classified as “other,” which includes those reporting multiple races, parent refusal, or missing data. While a distinct racial classification, American Indian/Native Alaskan students are also grouped as “other” due to the small sample size. Although the classification of the “other” race/ethnicity category is not coherent, we use it for modeling and analysis with the aim to reduce its use. In consideration of these limitations, prevalence estimates for students classified as “other” race/ethnicity are not provided.
b Percentage of households in the students’ home census tract living below the federal poverty level (FPL) as defined by the 2010 US Census: very-wealthy (<10% of households living below FPL), wealthy (10 to <20% below FPL), poor (20% to <30% below FPL), and very-poor (≥30% below FPL).