Table 1.

Cryo-EM data collection, refinement, and validation statistics

	ELP123–tRNA–acetyl-CoA (PDB ID 8PTX) (EMD-17924)	ELP123 (PDB ID 8PTY) (EMD-17925)	ELP123–tRNA–ECA (PDB ID 8PTZ) (EMD-17926)	ELP123–tRNA–DCA (PDB ID 8PU0) (EMD-17927)
Data collection and processing
Magnification	105,000×	96,000×	96,000×	105,000×
Voltage (kV)	300	300	300	300
Electron exposure (e–/Å2)	40.84	40.00	40.00	41.22
Defocus range (μm)	−0.9 to −2.1	−0.9 to −2.7	−0.9 to −2.7	−0.9 to −2.1
Pixel size (Å)	0.86	0.86	0.85	0.86
Symmetry imposed	C1	C1	C1	C1
Initial particle images (no.)	1,250,013	264,351	130,531	699,211
Final particle images (no.)	215,353	171,951	31,251	115,026
Map resolution (Å)	2.87	3.58	3.35	4.25
FSC threshold	0.143	0.143	0.143	0.143
Map resolution range (Å)	1.85 to >10	3.30 to 5.50	1.82 to >10	3.79 to >10
Refinement
Initial model used (PDB code)
Model resolution (Å)	1.8	3.2	2.1	3.0
FSC threshold	0.143	0.143	0.143	0.143
Map sharpening B factor (Å2)	DeepEMhancer	120.408	DeepEMhancer	DeepEMhancer
Model composition
Non-hydrogen atoms	24,378	14,189	17,194	22,416
Protein residues	2852	1786	1965	2612
Nucleotides	75	–	75	71
Ligands	7	2	5	3
Bfactors (Å2)
Protein	176.79	177.76	136.67	260.36
Nucleotide	243.32	–	251.00	243.61
Ligand	118.09	182.75	121.26	258.17
R.m.s. deviations
Bond lengths (Å)	0.005	0.005	0.004	0.005
Bond angles (°)	0.982	0.973	0.993	0.958
Validation
MolProbity score	1.70	2.09	2.05	2.33
Clashscore	6.26	11.81	10.62	23.61
Poor rotamers (%)	0.04	0.13	0.23	0.61
Ramachandran plot
Favored (%)	94.88	91.36	91.39	92.64
Allowed (%)	5.12	8.64	8.61	7.36
Disallowed (%)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00