Figure 4.

AD pathology is seen in the brains of APP KO mice reconstituted with AD bone marrow

(A) Micrographs show the immunostaining and confocal imaging of the cortical region of WT→APP KO and AD→APP KO mouse brains. The expression levels of CD105 (green), DAPI (cyan), Aβ (red), and CD31 (blue) are shown where Aβ and CD105 are significantly higher in AD→APP KO mice compared to WT→APP KO mice. Data are shown as mean ± SD of percentage area of expression. Unpaired Student’s t test was used to calculate significance (p ≤ 0.05).

(B) Qualitative IHC shows the expression of CD105 (green), Aβ (red), and occludin (blue). The occludin expression is inverse to that of CD105 and Aβ, and Aβ is seen co-localizing with CD105.

(C) Qualitative western blotting analysis indicates the presence of mutant human APP protein in AD→APP KO animals and an absence of it in the WT→APP KO. VEGFa is expressed higher in AD→APP KO (n = 5) compared to WT→APP KO (n = 4). Expression levels of TJP, ZO1, are higher in WT→APP KO (n = 7) compared to AD→APP KO (n = 8). Blots shown here are from pooled samples from the animals in the groups to be representative of the group. Histograms show expression levels of proteins in individual animals. Unpaired Student’s t test was used to calculate significance (p ≤ 0.05).