Table 1.
Distribution of demographical, clinical, obesity comorbidities, and Individualized Metabolic Surgery (IMS) parameters among the mild, moderate, and severe categories of IMS score.
| Demographics | All patients | Mild | Moderate | Severe | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 297 (100) | 14 (5) | 97 (33) | 186 (63) | |
| Age, years (SD) | 61.5 (12) | 57.7 (12) | 57.8 (15) | 63.6 (10) | <0.001 |
| Sex, Female (%) | 124 (42) | 6 (43) | 49 (51) | 69 (37) | 0.09 |
| Race, White (%) | 279 (94) | 13 (93) | 89 (92) | 177 (95) | 0.30 |
| Clinical Parameters (SD) | |||||
| Weight, kg | 115.8 (27) | 111.1 (23) | 114.2 (27) | 117.0 (27) | 0.57 |
| Height, m | 1.73 (0.1) | 1.73 (0.1) | 1.71 (0.1) | 1.74 (0.1) | 0.15 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 38.6 (8) | 36.9 (5) | 38.9 (9) | 38.7 (8) | 0.71 |
| Baseline HbA1c, % | 8.1 (1.6) | 6.4 (0.5) | 7.7 (0.2) | 8.5 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Baseline fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 178.9 (71.8) | 133.5 (20.5) | 169.4 (8.0) | 186.5 (5.6) | 0.02 |
| Obesity Comorbidities (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 246 (83) | 10 (71) | 68 (70) | 168 (90) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 258 (87) | 8 (57) | 78 (80) | 172 (93) | <0.001 |
| GERD | 136 (46) | 5 (36) | 46 (47) | 85 (45) | 0.71 |
| NAFLD | 76 (26) | 2 (14) | 21 (22) | 53 (29) | 0.28 |
| OSA | 177 (60) | 7 (50) | 58 (60) | 112 (60) | 0.75 |
| Anxiety | 70 (24) | 1 (7) | 31 (32) | 38 (20) | 0.03 |
| MDD | 88 (30) | 1 (7) | 36 (37) | 51 (27) | 0.04 |
| IMS Parameters | |||||
| T2D duration, years (SD) | 13.0 (8) | 1.9 (4) | 7.3 (4) | 16.9 (7) | <0.001 |
| On Insulin, yes (%) | 162 (55) | 0 (0) | 16 (17) | 146 (79) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c < 7% (%) | 89 (30) | 12 (86) | 48 (50) | 29 (16) | <0.001 |
| T2D medications (SD) | 2.6 (1) | 1.2 (0.4) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| Mean Score (SD) | 102 (36) | 18 (3) | 71 (18) | 124 (18) | <0.001 |
Bold means p < 0.05.
Abbreviations used: BMI, Body mass index; GERD, Gastroesophageal reflux disease; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; OSA, Obstructive sleep apnea; MDD: Major depressive disorder; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; T2D: Type-2 diabetes mellitus.