Table 3.

Pre- and post-traumatic Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) with injury-related factors. Patients with complete EQ-5D data sets, n= 325. Statistical testing was done between group differences for pre-injury and post-injury variables, and between pre-injury and post-injury values (change)

		n=325	%	Pre-injury HR-QoL, mean (SD)		Post-injury HR-QoL at 12 months, mean (SD)		Change in HR-QoL, mean (SD)	p-value
Injury Severity Scores
NISSb					p-value		p-value		p-value
	16-24	170	52 %	0.904 (0.168)	0.039*	0.783 (0.220)	0.29*	-0.121 (0.229)	0.91*
	25-39	124	38 %	0.870 (0.184)		0.754 (0.229)		-0.117 (0.238)
	40-75	31	10 %	0.843 (0.189)		0.708 (0.288)		-0.135 (0.221)
ISSa
	9-15	83	26 %	0.918 (0.166)	0.013*	0.843 (0.177)	0.0012*	-0.0749 (0.178)	0.14*
	16-24	140	43 %	0.887 (0.175)		0.753(0.231)		-0.133 (0.246)
	> 25	102	31 %	0.858 (0.185)		0.716 (0.253)		-0.141 (0.244)
Injury pattern (AISc ≥2)
Head
	Yes	188	58 %	0.864 (0.190)	0.007**	0.783 (0.208)	0.24**	-0.0809 (0.207)	0.002**
	No	137	42 %	0.915 (0.153)		0.739 (0.257)		-0.176 (0.251)
Face
	Yes	27	8 %	0.902 (0.165)	0.55**	0.797 (0.215)	0.46**	-0.105 (0.144)	0.79**
	No	298	92 %	0.884 (0.178)		0.762 (0.232)		-0.122 (0.238)
Neck
	Yes	2	0.6%	0.652 (0.0686)	0.034**	0.553 (0.232)	0.17**	-0.0995 (0.301)	0.85**
	No	323	99 %	0.887 (0.176)		0.766 (0.231)		-0.121 (0.231)
Thorax
	Yes	119	37 %	0.913 (0.144)	0.061**	0.780 (0.220)	0.54**	-0.133 (0.199)	0.43**
	No	206	63 %	0.870 (0.192)		0.756 (0.237)		-0.114 (0.248)
Abdomen
	Yes	51	16 %	0.928 (0.110)	0.16**	0.779 (0.203)	0.99**	-0.149 (0.194)	0.21**
	No	274	84 %	0.878 (0.186)		0.762 (0.236)		-0.116 (0.237)
Spine
	Yes	106	33 %	0.884 (0.165)	0.37**	0.684 (0.257)	<0.001**	-0.201 (0.279)	<0.001**
	No	219	67 %	0.886 (0.183)		0.804 (0.207)		-0.0822 (0.193)
with spinal cord injury (AIS** ≥ 4)
	Yes	42	13 %	0.885(0.175)	0.71**	0.547(0.270)	<0.001**	-0.338 (0.314)	<0.001**
	No	283	87 %	0.886(0.177)		0.797(0.206)		-0.0886 (0.197)
Upper extremity
	Yes	80	25 %	0.919 (0.143)	0.055**	0.823 (0.178)	0.032**	-0.0964 (0.136)	0.48**
	No	245	75 %	0.875 (0.186)		0.746 (0.243)		-0.129 (0.254)
Lower extremity
	Yes	77	24 %	0.915 (0.129)	0.30**	0.785 (0.192)	0.83**	-0.130 (0.178)	0.40**
	No	248	76 %	0.876 (0.189)		0.759 (0.242)		-0.118 (0.245)
Unspecified
	Yes	10	3 %	0.823 (0.215)	0.21**	0.723 (0.238)	0.51**	-0.100 (0.201)	0.82**
	No	315	97 %	0.888 (0.176)		0.766 (0.231)		-0.122 (0.232)

^aInjury Severity Score

^bNew Injury Severity Score

^cAIS = Abbreviated Injury Score

^*Kruskall-Wallis test

^**Mann-Whitney U-test