Table 3.

Post-prandial profiles of uncomplicated pregnancies, overall and by trimester

	Entire gestational period	2nd trimester	3rd trimester
Number of participants	157	150	76
Number of meals	3747	2543	1183
Fasting glucose*—mg/dL (mmol/L), mean±SD	88±14 (4.9±0.8)	88±14 (4.9±0.8)	87±14 (4.8±0.8)
Baseline glucose prior to meal†—mg/dL (mmol/L), mean±SD	91±18 (5.1±1.0)	91±18 (5.1±1.0)	90±18 (5.0±1.0)
Post-prandial glucose level—mg/dL (mmol/L), mean±SD
30 min after meal time	103±22 (5.7±1.2)	104±21 (5.8±1.2)	101±22 (5.6±1.2)
1 hour after meal time	108±23 (6.0±1.3)	107±23 (5.9±1.3)	109±23 (6.1±1.3)
2 hours after meal time	102±21 (5.7±1.2)	102±21 (5.7±1.2)	102±21 (5.7±1.2)
3 hours after meal time	97±20 (5.4±1.1)	97±19 (5.4±1.1)	97±20 (5.4±1.1)
Post-prandial peak glucose—mg/dL (mmol/L), mean±SD	126±22 (7.0±1.2)	126±22 (7.0±1.2)	125±22 (6.9±1.2)
Glucose meal excursion‡—mg/dL (mmol/L), mean±SD	36±22 (2.0±1.2)	36±21 (2.0±1.2)	35±22 (1.9±1.2)
Time to peak glucose—min, median (IQR)	62 (40–124)	60 (39–123)	67 (42–125)
Rate of glucose rise§—mg/dL/min (mmol/L/min), median (IQR)	0.5 (0.2–0.9) (0.03 (0.01–0.05))	0.5 (0.2–1.0) (0.03 (0.01–0.06))	0.5 (0.2,–0.9) (0.03 (0.01–0.05))

Summary statistics are on a meal level, with the exception of fasting glucose, which is on a day level. Post-prandial time period is 4 hours after meal start time. Each period requires participants to have at least five meals (a) with sufficient CGM data (non-missing glucose −15 min, +30 min, +1 hour, +2 hours, and +3 hours after meal start) and (b) without additional meals 2 hours before or 3 hours after the recorded meal time.

*Average glucose in 45 to 15 min prior to first recorded meal of the day. First recorded meal of the day must be before noon.

†Average glucose in the 15 min prior to recorded meal time.

‡Post-prandial peak glucose minus baseline glucose prior to meal.

§Glucose meal excursion divided by time to peak glucose.

CGM, continuous glucose monitoring.