Figure 2. Performance analysis of the IDOA on 23 test functions.

This figure shows the results of 23 common test functions used in the performance evaluation of the improved IDOA. The evaluation results indicate that the IDOA outperforms the control method in terms of convergence speed and global optimal solution acquisition ability. The convergence speed refers to the speed at which an algorithm reaches the global optimal solution from its initial state, while the ability to obtain the global optimal solution indicates whether the algorithm can find the optimal solution to the problem. The figure shows that the IDOA algorithm converges faster and has better global optimal solution acquisition ability for most test functions.