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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2024 Feb 1;94(3):235–245. doi: 10.1037/ort0000712

Table 2:

Adjusted and Unadjusted Regression Estimates of Associations Between Adolescent Health Conditions and Adolescent Connectedness Outcomes Based on EPOCH Connectedness Scale (N=3,207)

Positive Adolescent Functioning: EPOCH Connectedness Scale Components of EPOCH Connectedness Scale (strongly agree, vs. agree, disagree, or strongly disagree)
Average score (ranges from 1 to 4) Score = 4 (vs. < 4) Has friends he/she cares about Has people who care about him/her Has people to share good news with Has someone who will be there when there is a problem
OLS coefficient [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI] OR [95% CI]
PANEL A Unadjusted
Any developmental or behavioral health condition(s) −0.05 [−0.08 - −0.02] 0.78 [0.66 - 0.92] 0.74 [0.60 - 0.91] 0.67 [0.52 - 0.86] 0.74 [0.61 - 0.90] 0.99 [0.82 - 1.20]
Any physical health condition(s] −0.02 [−0.05 - 0.02] 0.95 [0.79 - 1.14] 1.00 [0.79 - 1.27] 0.69 [0.53 - 0.90] 0.89 [0.71 - 1.11] 0.90 [0.73 - 1.11]
PANEL B Adjusted
Any developmental or behavioral health condition(s) −0.05 [−0.08 - −0.02] 0.80 [0.67 - 0.94] 0.76 [0.61 - 0.94] 0.65 [0.50 - 0.84] 0.77 [0.63 - 0.94] 0.98 [0.81 - 1.19]
Any physical health condition(s) −0.02 [−0.05 - 0.02] 0.96 [0.80 - 1.16] 1.03 [0.81 - 1.30] 0.72 [0.55 - 0.94] 0.89 [0.72 - 1.12] 0.91 [0.74 - 1.13]

Notes: In each panel, the columns present estimates from a single regression model containing the two chronic health condition measures.

OLS = Ordinary Least Squares. CI = confidence interval. OR = odds ratio.

Adjusted models control for all adolescent, primary caregiver, and household characteristics in Table 1. See Appendix Table 1 for information about coding of health conditions. See Appendix 2 for full adjusted logit regression results.