| Le Marne et al. [12] |
-Education about learning and understanding epilepsy, seizures, medications, lifestyle, daily conditions that trigger seizures, and traveling with epilepsy (information about epilepsy). -Seizure content (seizure diary, warning, trigger, type), clinical features of patients with epilepsy, medications and reminders, another epileptic treatment.
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-Knowledge acquisition -Psychological factors (attitude toward disease and seizure self-efficacy) -Clinical parameters (medication adherence, seizure burden) -User engagement and opinion
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-AKEQ knowledge questionnaire -The SSES-C questionnaire is used to assess psychosocial outcomes in children and adolescents with epilepsy. -EpApp application -The Mobile Application Rating Scale for User engagement and opinion.
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-Knowledge increased following the EpApp intervention (p < 0.005). -There was no statistically significant improvement in seizure load (p = 0.229) or psychosocial characteristics. -Significantly less reminder medicine was needed (p < 0.05) -App design, content, functionality, and utility metrics were all extremely favorable (agreed/strongly agreed with statement).
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| Rajbhandari et al. [13] |
-A smartphone application with features related to diagnosing epilepsy, epilepsy awareness, medication, safety, drug-related side-effects, effectiveness in seizure control, and satisfaction.
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-112 patients with app scores suggesting epileptic seizures were identified and managed in 18 months, of whom 15 had provoked seizures (seizures were eliminated in 33% of cases and reduced in 57% of cases). -Medication side effects affected 5% of the population (by EFWs) and 4% in neurologist follow-up. -96% thought that the service (EFWs using a smartphone application) was more convenient than visiting a hospital or a private doctor.
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| Simblett et al. [14] |
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-The mHealth application could anticipate seizures (predicting provoked seizures). -The mHealth application improved self-management. -Mobile health applications that can prevent seizures and raise awareness, enable better activity planning and improve safety were critical facilitators of engagement.
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| Si et al. [15] |
-A medication schedule, online educational forums, and blogs, rapid online reporting of seizures, online consultations (messaging or video call), and online questionnaires.
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-Between baseline and the 6-month evaluation, self-management of epilepsy increased considerably in the app group (from 121.7 ± 12.1 to 144.4 ± 10.0; p < 0.001). -The app had a higher seizure-free rate at the 6-month follow-up than the control group (28% vs. 12%).
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| Mirpuri et al. [16] |
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-Medication adherence -Self-efficacy -Seizure
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-MGLs questionnaires -ESMS questionnaires -Seizure frequency
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-The mobile application interventional group increased medication adherence by more than 60% (p = 0.0001). -The mobile application group’s mean self-efficacy score increased from 269.5 to 289.75 (p = 0.0001). -There were no significant differences in seizure frequency between or among groups (p = 0.425) for those who completed the follow-up interviews.
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| Choi et al. [17] |
-Seizure frequency records -Seizure triggering factors -Comorbidity screenings -Profiles of adverse events resulting from antiepileptic drugs
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-General epilepsy knowledge assessment -Seizure record from the application -Adverse reactions reported on application and during clinic visits -Seizure triggering factors from application
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-Compared to rare/non-users, in-app users exhibited significantly improved epilepsy knowledge scores (p < 0.001). -Seizure self-efficacy (p = 0.038) -23 respondents reported 59 adverse reactions to the application, with a general adverse reaction of fatigue. Only 21 respondents reported 24 adverse reactions during clinic visits. -The most frequently reported triggering factor by patients causing seizures was sleep deprivation.
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