Table 8.
Median values of the highest quality studies of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission, recovery, reactivation, and waning parameters
| Parameter | Median value (low, high)a | References |
|---|---|---|
| Probability of HPV breakthrough transmission from men to vaccinated women per partnership/contact | 0.5450 (0.2800, 0.8100) | Lee et al. [80] |
| Probability of HPV breakthrough transmission from women to vaccinated men per partnership/contact | 0.1200 (0.0500, 0.1900) | Lee et al. [80] |
| Probability of HPV transmission from men to women per partnership/contact | 0.0700 (0.0600, 0.0700) | Nyitray et al. [81] |
| Probability of HPV transmission from women to men per partnership/contact | 0.1600 (0.1400, 0.1800) | Nyitray et al. [81] |
| Proportion of HPV infections that become persistent | 5.6000 (0.1000, 42.3000) | Insinga et al. [38] |
| Rate of recovery from HPV infection | 0.4856 (0.3685, 0.8064) | Insinga et al. [38] |
| Rate of seroconversion following HPV clearance | 2.8972 (1.6434, 4.1431) | Reisinger et al. [82] |
| Rate of waning immunity following recovery for persons who seroconvert | 0.0240 (0.0150, 0.0470) | Johnson et al. [83] |
| Reactivation rate following seroconversion | 0.0075 (0.0000, 0.3100) | Joura et al. [84] |
| Relative rate of recovery from breakthrough infection | 1.3117 (1.0523, 1.5211) | Zhao et al. [85] |
| Transmission rate of HPV from men to women | 0.0876 (0.0504, 0.0912) | Nyitray et al. [81] |
| Transmission rate of HPV from women to men | 0.1476 (0.1128, 0.1620) | Nyitray et al. [81] |
HPV human papillomavirus
aRates are in units of 1/years