Fig. 3. The disruption of HOPS complex reduces pathogenesis in C. albicans.

a The LDH release rate of HUVECs co-incubated with C. albicans (MOI = 1). Three biological replicates were carried out. n = 3 samples. b Murine peritoneal macrophages were co-incubated with C. albicans (MOI = 1) for 3 h, stained with propyl iodide (PI). The yellow arrows in the rectangle boxes zoomed in represent the nucleus of C. albicans which were not counted as PI-positive macrophages. Scale bars = 50 μm. c The percentage of PI-positive murine peritoneal macrophages cells co-incubated with strains. n = 5 fields. d The survival of mice infected with C. albicans. n = 10 mice. e, f The concentrations of urea (e) and creatinine (f) in the serum of mice were determined 5 days after fungal inoculation. n = 5 mice. g The fungal burden in kidneys of mice were determined 5 days after fungal inoculation. n = 5 mice. h The kidneys of mice were taken out 5 days after fungal inoculation and made pathological sections with PAS staining. Scale bars = 20 μm. i The hyphal length in kidneys was measured by Image J. n = 30 hyphae. j The experiment process for cutaneous candidiasis model. k The exposed back skin with fungal-infected damage on day 7. l The fungal burden in damaged skin of mice were determined 3 days after fungal inoculation. n = 5 mice. m The pathological images of infected skin stained by PAS. The dimension of skin damage was quantified by the maximum depth of penetrated hyphae measured by Image J. Scale bars = 100 μm. n The hyphal length in damaged skin was measured by Image J. n = 20 hyphae. Data were presented as mean ± SD (a, c, e, f, g, l). Box plots indicate median (middle line), 25th, 75th percentile (box), and minimum and maximum value as well as outliers (single points) (i, n). Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test (d), two-tailed unpaired t-test (a, c, e, f, g, i, l, n). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.